高普考/三四等/高員級◆英文題庫下載題庫

     Wikipedia has become the world’s largest reference work. It is setting a blistering pace with more than 1000 new English-language articles being added each day. Its success has attracted harsh criticism from predictable quarters. In an article published recently on Tech Central Station  website, Robert McHenry, former editor-in-chief of Encyclopaedia Britannica, disdainfully said that using Wikipedia was like visiting a public restroom. McHenry’s vain attempt to turn up the heat is ironic because it is the  old-fangled encyclopedia publishers who are on the hot seat. Wikipedia will put many of them in deep trouble within the next few years. 

    Internet users have been voting with their clicks. Traffic to Wikipedia’s 72 servers on any given day exceeds 80 million hits. Wikipedia articles are cited increasingly by mainstream newspapers and magazines. Encyclopedia publishers lambaste Wikipedia’s reliability, but their outrage has blinded them to a sea change in their core market. The way people research and learn in the Internet age is vastly different than it was only a decade ago, and if they fail to adapt, they will suffer. 

    How did Wikipedia get started? Jimmy Wales, Wikipedia’s co-founder and leader, began with a simple yet 

counterintuitive idea: create an open encyclopedia that anyone can contribute to. (The name Wikipedia comes from the “wiki” sort of collaborative software that powers the website.) The project adopted a few canny rules of order: whenever someone edits an article, a new version of the  article is created and saved. This is important because Wikipedia is an open-content project. Such projects are fuelled by the prestige and social standing derived by the contributors from the work that they do. Your contribution to an article, no matter how small, is kept for posterity and clearly identified as such. 

    The continual creation of new versions also discourages antisocial behavior—vandalized articles can be easily reverted. Each article has a separate page where authors can discuss their changes and air their differences. To reduce bias, Wikipedia’s policy is to present a neutral point of view that fairly represents all sides.