高中(學測,指考)模擬考◆英文題庫下載題庫

Defense mechanisms are a mental strategy developed by ourselves to protect against anxiety. Defense mechanisms are thought to safeguard the mind against feelings and thoughts that are too difficult for the conscious mind to cope with, serving as a way of distancing ourselves from a full awareness of 31 thoughts and feelings. For example, if you are faced with a particularly difficult task, your mind may choose to forget your 32 in order to avoid the dreaded assignment. Likewise, those who just underwent a terrible accident will tend to 33 the horrible memory as a way of mentally protecting themselves. Defense mechanisms allow us to function 34 , and such a mental protection is often expressed through some typical behaviors. Perhaps the simplest defense mechanism is denial — refusing to 35 something that has happened. Denial, like many other defense mechanisms, is especially clear in little children. A child breaks a vase in full view of everybody and 36 exclaims, “I didn’t do it!” In adults, denial is common when people 37 the sudden and unexpected loss of a loved one. A common 38 is, “It can’t be true!” Psychiatrists who work in emergency rooms of major hospitals see this so often that they expect it. In fact, accepting and acknowledging the emotions are part of the practice of healthy self-defense mechanism. Instead of looking for excuses, we can be more introspective by saying that we are 39 of ourselves for not achieving our target. Instead of pretending not to hear the criticism that is less 40 , we can frankly say, “I feel sad and hurt to hear comments that you have to say.” In psychoanalytic therapy, the goal may be to help the client uncover these unconscious defense mechanisms and find better, healthier ways of coping with anxiety and distress