37~40
Printing is one of the most important means of communication. Without it
you would not now be reading this passage. Even the development of
radio and television has not diminished the importance of printing.
The first printing was done from wood blocks one letter at a time by hand. This was a slow process, requiring much skill and patience, and every page of every book had to be cut separately.
A great step forward was the use of movable type. The Chinese discovered this in the 11th century, but it was not known in Europe until about 1440. In this method of printing, individual letters were made from separate pieces
of metal. If these letters were linked over and pressed on to paper, they
would print the words. When the printing was finished, the letters could be taken apart and rearranged to print something else.
One of the first European books to be printed in movable type was
Johannes Gutenberg's 42-line Bible. The first book to be printed likewise in English was about the history of Troy. It was printed in Flanders in 1474 by an Englishman, William Caxton. In 1476 he returned to England and established a printing press at Westminster. Altogether he printed nearly 80
books, many being his own translations from the French.
【題組】40. The first English book printed in movable type was
(A) done from wood blocks one letter at a time.
(B) done in a printing press at Westminster.
(C) Johannes Gutenberg's 42-line Bible.
(D) about the history of Troy.
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