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第二篇： In asking about the origins of human language, we first have to make clear what the question is. The question is not how languages gradually developed over time into the languages of the world today. Rather, it is how the human species developed over time so that we — and not our closest relatives, the chimpanzees and bonobos — became capable of using language. And what an amazing development this was! No other natural communication system is like human language. Human language can express thoughts on an unlimited number of topics (the weather, the war, the past, the future, mathematics, gossip, fairy tales, how to fix the sink...). It can be used not just to convey information, but to solicit information (questions) and to give orders. Unlike any other animal communication system, it contains an expression for negation — what is not the case. Every human language has a vocabulary of tens of thousands of words, built up from several dozen speech sounds. Speakers can build an unlimited number of phrases and sentences out of words plus a smallish collection of prefixes and suffixes, and the meanings of sentences are built from the meanings of the individual words. What is still more remarkable is that every normal child learns the whole system from hearing others use it. Animal communication systems, in contrast, typically have at most a few dozen distinct calls, and they are used only to communicate immediate issues such as food, danger, threat, or reconciliation. Many of the sorts of meanings conveyed by chimpanzee communication have counterparts in human 'body language'. For animals that use combinations of calls (such as some songbirds and some whales), the meanings of the combinations are not made up of the meanings of the parts (though there are many species that have not been studied yet). And the attempts to teach apes some version of human language, while fascinating, have produced only rudimentary results. So the properties of human language are unique in the natural world.
【題組】47. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “convey” in paragraph 2?
(A) Fasten.
(B) Regulate.
(C) Analyze.
(D) Express.

答案：D
難度： 簡單
最佳解!
Lin Tzu Hung 大一下 (2020/01/21)
It can be used not j☆☆☆ ☆☆ ...


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nomi 高二上 (2018/07/12)

在詢問人類語言的起源時，我們首先要弄清楚問題是什麼。問題不在於語言如何逐漸發展成為當今世界的語言。更確切地說，人類物種隨著時間的推移而發展，以便我們 - 而不是我們最親近的親戚，黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩 - 能夠使用語言。這真是一個驚人的發展！沒有其他自然通信系統就像人類語言。人類語言可以表達對無限數量主題的思考（天氣，戰爭，過去，未來，數學，八卦，童話，如何修復水槽......）。它不僅可用於傳達信息，還可用於索取信息（問題）和發出命令。與任何其他動物通信系統不同，它包含一個否定的表達 - 事實並非如此。每種人類語言都有數万個單詞的詞彙，由幾十個語音構成。演講者可以通過單詞和少量前綴和後綴來構建無限數量的短語和句...


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第二篇： In asking about the origins of hum..-阿摩線上測驗