教甄◆特殊教育專業題庫下載題庫

Disabilities are considered in 3 ways: deficit perspective, cultural perspective and sociological perspective.

 The deficit perspective view expresses that behavior and characteristics shared by people are distributed along a continuum. A normal or bell-shaped(鐘形曲線，常態分布) curve is a construct of the typical distribution of human traits, such as intelligence and visual acuity. Most people fall in the middle and are called “average.” The problem with this approach is that disabled children are already being put at a disadvantage; they are already looked at as being less then the typi...

Disabilities are considered in 3 ways: deficit perspective, cultural perspective and sociological perspective.

 The deficit perspective view expresses that behavior and characteristics shared by people are distributed along a continuum. A normal or bell-shaped(鐘形曲線，常態分布) curve is a construct of the typical distribution of human traits, such as intelligence and visual acuity. Most people fall in the middle and are called “average.” The problem with this approach is that disabled children are already being put at a disadvantage; they are already looked at as being less then the typical student.

 Cultural perspective is the second way to think about disabilities. America is a melting pot, filled with different cultures and values that may differ from mainstream thoughts. It is very important for teachers to understand that some may not think of disabilities as quantitative. The family of a child you are working with may not share your understanding of a disability. Also, they might not share a common belief of what causes a disability. While we may consider disabilities as a result of biology and a developing baby, another culture may feel it was bad luck or evil spirits.(文化觀點認為，障礙是因為跟同文化相較的結果)

 The third way is sociological perspective. It focuses on how society treats individuals and how that makes people different from each other. If behavior toward people changes, then the result of being a member of a group will change. What makes a disability is how we treat individuals we think of as different. Some feel that separation by disability and race are needed to maintain class structure. Others feel that disabilities are real and not constructed through society.(社會觀點認為，障礙是社會上的人群對待障礙個體的造成結果)

資料來源：https://sites.google.com/site/touronpatti/introduction-to-teaching-students-with-disabilities/disability-vs-handicapped