42 What did the sociologists say about women and looks?
(A) Attractive women get paid 20 percent more than average men.
(B) Women are more easily evaluated by their appearance.
(C) Only about half of the women cared about their looks.
(D) Good-looking women did more presentations in the workplace.

(A) Attractive women get paid 20 percent more than average men.
→ 有吸引力的女性比一般男性多拿 20% 的薪水
(B) Women are more easily evaluated by their appearance.
→ 女性更容易因外表被評價

(C) Only about half of the women cared about their looks.
→ 只有大約一半的女性在意外表

(D) Good-looking women did more presentations in the workplace.

全文翻譯：
Researchers have discovered there could be a good reason why women spend so long in the morning getting ready for work─they get paid more if they wear makeup and do their hair.

研究人員發現，女性早上花很多時間打扮去上班，可能有個合理的原因──如果她們化妝、整理頭髮，薪水會比較高。

Sociologists Jaclyn Wong and Andrew Penner concluded that attractive people get paid around 20 percent more than what they called “average” people. They found that both physically attractive men and women tended to earn more than average-looking employees. They added that the more a woman cared about her looks, the more attractive she appeared. However, the researchers also said that for men, only about half of the effect of attractiveness was due to grooming. This is mainly because women are more readily judged by their looks, so presentation becomes important to them.

社會學家 Jaclyn Wong 和 Andrew Penner 得出結論：外表有吸引力的人，薪資大約比所謂「普通人」多 20%。他們發現，無論男女，長得好看的人通常賺得比外貌普通的人多。他們補充，女性越重視外表，就會顯得越有吸引力。然而，對男性來說，外表吸引力中只有約一半來自外在打扮。這主要是因為女性更容易被外表評價，因此外在呈現對她們來說特別重要。

The study was conducted by the universities of Chicago and California. The researchers analyzed data from 14,000 participants who were questioned about their salary, job, education, personality, social behavior and other characteristics. The interviewers were also asked to rate each participant on how attractive and well-groomed they were. Researchers said that people were biased when it comes to beauty because of a “halo effect.” They think someone who is attractive on the outside will also be beautiful on the inside. The researchers noted that the idea that humans are influenced by beauty bias is not new.

這項研究由芝加哥大學和加州大學共同進行。研究人員分析了來自 14,000 名受訪者的數據，這些人被問及薪水、工作、教育、個性、社交行為等特徵。訪談者同時也被要求評分每位參與者的外貌吸引力與整潔程度。研究人員表示，人們對美貌存在偏見，是因為「光環效應」──他們認為外表好看的人，內在也會很美好。研究者指出，人類會受到外貌偏見影響這件事，其實早就不是新觀點了。

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