58. Which one of the following substances found in the atmosphere will absorb radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum?
(A)N₂
(B)O₂
(C) Kr
(D)H₂O

54. The second law of thermodynamics states that ________. (A)ΔE = q + w (B)ΔH°rxn = Σ nΔH°f (products) - Σ mΔH°f (reactants) (C) for any spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases (D) the entropy of a pure crystalline substance is zero at absolute zero

55. ΔS is positive for the reaction ________. (A)2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O (g) (B)2NO2 (g) → N2O4 (g) (C) CO2 (g) → CO2 (s)(D)BaF2 (s) → Ba2+ (aq) + 2F- (aq)

複選題56. With thermodynamics, one cannot determine ________. (A)the speed of a reaction (B)the direction of a spontaneous reaction (C) the extent of a reaction (D) the value of the equilibrium constant

57. Photoionization processes (e.g., N2 + hν → N2+ + e-) remove UV of ＜ 150 nm. Which photoreaction is the principal absorber of UV in the 150-200 nm range in the upper atmosphere? (A)N2 + hν → 2N (B)O2 + hν → 2º (C) O3 + hν → O2 + O(D)N2 + O2 + hν → 2NO

59. What is meant by the salinity of seawater? (A)percent by mass of salt in seawater (B)mass in grams of dry salts present in 1 kg of seawater (C) molality of NaCl in seawater(D)osmotic pressure of seawater

60. Which one of the following pairs cannot be mixed together to form a buffer solution? (A)C5H5N, C5H5NHCl (B)HC2H3O2, NaOH (C2H3O2- = acetate) (C) KOH, HI(D)NH2CH3, HCl

61. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is ________. (A) (B) (C)(D)

62. Which compound listed below has the greatest molar solubility in water? (A)CdCO3 (B)Cd(OH)2 (C) AgI(D)CaF2

63. In which one of the following solutions is silver chloride the most soluble? (A)0.200 M HCl (B)0.750 M LiNO3 (C) 0.0150 M NH3(D)0.185 M KCl

64. A result of the common-ion effect is ________. (A)that some ions, such as Na+ (aq), frequently appear in solutions but do not participate in solubility equilibria (B)that common ions, such as Na+ (aq), don't affect equilibrium constants (C) that the selective precipitation of a metal ion, such as Ag+, is promoted by the addition of an appropriate counterion (X-) that produces a compound (AgX) with a very low solubility (D)that ions such as K+ and Na+ are common ions, so that their values in equilibrium constant expressions are always 1.00