6 對於腎臟移植後的處置，以下何者正確？①通常會使用 β-blockers，hydralazine 和 calcium channel blockers 來控制高血壓 ②nystatin（mycostatin）通常被用來預防口腔的黴菌感染 ③trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole （baktar）被用來預防泌尿道感染和肺囊蟲肺炎（Pneumocystis carinii） ④制酸劑（antacids）被用 來預防胃潰瘍 ⑤阿斯匹靈（aspirin）被用來預防動脈栓塞（arterial thrombosis）
(A)①③⑤
(B)①②④⑤
(C)②③④⑤
(D)①②③④

Aspirin has been used for prevention of renal vein thrombosis in KTR.

Aspirin should be used in established coronary artery disease for secondary prevention. Low-dose aspirin has not been shown to cause nephrotoxicity. The beneficial effects of aspirin are offset by high risk of major bleeding in primary prevention in the general population. Due to lack of evidence at the moment, it cannot be recommended for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in KTR. The risk of bleeding should be assessed in all recipients before starting aspirin. KTR have many risk factors other than the traditional risk factors. There is a need for development of a cardiovascular risk prediction score targeting the kidney transplant population. A randomized control trial is also needed to assess the beneficial effect of primary prophylaxis with aspirin in the kidney transplant population. The final decision on using aspirin should be made after balancing the specific characteristics of each patient taken into account the patient’s risk for bleeding and the concomitant pathologies in each case.