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Universal Grammar Theory

 (UG)

1.               1957 Syntactic Structures Chomsky (1980-1990)

2.               Marked/unmarked features in languages

3.               Critical period

4.               Theory is originally based on first language acquisition

5.               Closely related to Cognitive psychology principles

6.               Language is genetically determined capacity (66-67)

7.               LAD with innate linguistic properties (distinguishing speech-non s sounds; organize into system; po...

Krashen's Monitor Theory

(Input Hypothesis)

1.      SLA is very different from other types of learning

2.      LAD is used by any age learners when they acquire not learn a language

3.      Distinguish acquisition (like a child) and learning (rules)

4.      Learning leads to a monitor and acquisition leads to a true proficiency

5.      Providing Input is most important part

6.      Natural order Hypothesis morphemes are acquired in a specific order

7.      Monitor Hypothesis SLA generates fluency, Learning edits and monitors output

8.       Input Hypothesis : acquisition happens when i+1, comprehensible and planned input takes place, fluency emerges overtime

9.      Affective filter hypothesis: motivation, confidence, anxiety is low

10.   Implications for classroom:  affective filter is low, class is useful for beginners; optimal input is appropriate to l-ner's level, interesting and relevant, not sequenced grammatically, I+1, off-defensive; error correction is minimal, shouldn't take place simultaneously with acquisition; never force to produce L2 before they are ready to; fluency can't be taught.