43. What does “their” in paragraph six refer to?
(A) Babies’.
(B) Mothers’.
(C) Findings’.
(D) Antibiotics’.

44. What is the major finding of the second study mentioned in the article? (A) There are many factors affecting the gut health of a baby. (B) The microbiome of a baby’s stool accounts for the child’s health problems. (C) The microbial makeup of a baby’s first stool is related to the risk of obesity. (D) The mode of delivery determines whether the child will be overweight later.

45. Which of the following best concludes the two studies in the article? (A) It is better to reconsider the modes of delivery. (B) Antibiotics are not as damaging as people thought before. (C) The baby’s immune system is determined by the mother’s health. (D) The gut microbiome in early life is very important to their health later.

46. What is the purpose of this article? (A) To argue for the existence of zoos. (B) To argue against the existence of zoos. (C) To suggest a new role of zoos in conservation. (D) To suggest a new way of conservation in zoos.

47. What is the meaning of the clause “the conservation benefits zoos provide outweigh the isolated (albeit tragic) costs paid by the animals involved”? (A) Although zoos spend a lot in raising animals, they can earn more money from conservation. (B) In spite of the miserable deaths of some animals in zoos, they still profit more from conservation. (C) In spite of some sad deaths of animals in zoos, their contribution to conservation surpasses the loss. (D) Although zoos have to pay for conserving animals, they are still getting a lot more money from the business.

48. Which of the following is NOT the view of the opponents of zoos mentioned in this passage? (A) Zoos do not provide natural habitats. (B) Animals in zoos have high mortality rates. (C) Animals cannot procreate naturally in zoos. (D) Wild animals should not be held in captivity.

49. According to this passage, why does international conservation system resemble the West’s colonial and racial past? (A) The endangered animals are exploited like the colonized by the Western developed countries. (B) In order to conserve animals, those who live beside them are enslaved by the West wealthy countries. (C) Animals in their natural habitats are hunted and poached by the wealthy tourists from the West as the colonized in the past. (D) The developed countries involved in conservation often impose their ideas on the natives who live their lives with the endangered species.

50. According to this passage, which of the following statements is true? (A) Animals in zoos are often bored and, as a result, some become aggressive. (B) Many of the living exhibits in zoos are designed for profit, not for other noble goals. (C) In discussion about conservation, the voice of the local communities is not listened to. (D) Zoos began as amusements and finally tapped into a wealthy societal appetite for entertainment.

1. Since Johnny had no proper reason for missing school, his absence should be treated as _____. (A) abstention (B) desertion (C) neglect (D) truancy

2. I tried to concentrate on my homework but my eyes kept _____ away from the workbook. (A) dissecting (B) lapsing (C) rambling (D) straying

3. Students need to learn tips on how to _____ a bully and help someone who is bullied. (A) stand up with (B) stand up to (C) stand by (D) stand up for

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