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38 According to this passage, which of the following can be one cause for the current high inflation? (A) Oil-producing countries keep oil price high and make it not easy to get. (B) Export orders for the industry remain prosperous for a long time. (C) The prices for services are falling over the past three years. (D) Many people who are infected with the corona virus are unwilling to work.

39 Based on this passage, which statement is NOT true? (A) Unlike in previous slumps, the global economy cannot come to Europe’s rescue. (B) Europe’s economic recovery will not happen in 2023. (C) French nuclear plants will resume output, but not enough to bring power costs down much. (D) Rising prices for services, which are largely unrelated to energy, will soon slow down.

40 What is the best title for this passage? (A) The Scourge of Inflation for Europe. (B) The World’s Economy Ruined by the Pandemic. (C) High Interest Rates and Inflation. (D) New Energy Supply for Europe’s Recovery.

11. 茵琦從小就對色彩、線條、形狀、形式及它們之間的關係有很高敏感度,並能把所知覺 到的事物表現出來。林老師觀察到茵琦的這項特點,鼓勵她朝繪畫領域發展。就加德納 (H. Gardner) 的多元智能理論,茵琦擁有的哪一項智能特別突出? (A) 語文智能(linguistic intelligence) (B) 數理智能(logic-mathematical intelligence) (C) 空間智能(spatial intelligence) (D) 自然觀察者智能(naturalist intelligence)

13. 美國 1960 及 1970 年代盛行的「提早開始方案」(Head Start Programs),致力於幼兒教 育普及化,使所有幼兒不論家境貧富皆能享有提早獲得結構化的學習課程。該計畫彰顯 了下列哪一項教育機會均等原則? (A) 多元文化教育 (B) 水平公平 (C) 積極的差別待遇 (D) 立足點平等

14. 下列關於負增強與懲罰之敘述,何者比較適當? (A) 兩者皆不能塑造合乎社會規範的行為 (B) 在不合宜行為之後負增強是取消其正增強,懲罰則是給予嫌惡刺激 (C) 負增強用來減少反應次數,懲罰則是增加反應次數 (D) 負增強是在合宜的行為後移除嫌惡刺激,懲罰則是在不合宜的行為後施予嫌惡刺激