無年度 - 2004年5月托福閱讀#20895

科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福 | 選擇題數：50 | 申論題數：0

試卷資訊

所屬科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福

選擇題 (50)

1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The care that various animals give to their offspring. (B) The difficulties young animals face in obtaining food. (C) The methods that mammals use to nurse their young. (D) The importance among young mammals of becoming independent.

2. The author lists various animals in line 5 to (A) contrast the feeding habits of different types of mammals (B) describe the process by which mammals came to be defined (C) emphasize the point that every type of mammal feeds its own young (D) explain why a particular feature of mammals is nonelective

3. The word "tend" in line 7 is closest in meaning to (A) sit on (B) move (C) notice (D) care for

4. What can be inferred from the passage about the practice of animal parents feeding their young? (A) It is unknown among fish. (B) It is unrelated to the size of the young. (C) It is dangerous for the parents. (D) It is most common among mammals.

5. The word "provisioning" in line 13 is closest in meaning to (A) supplying (B) preparing (C) building (D) expanding

6. According to the passage, how do some insects make sure their young have food? (A) By storing food near their young. (B) By locating their nests or cells near spiders and caterpillars. (C) By searching for food some distance from their nest. (D) By gathering food from a nearby water source.

7. The word "edge" in line 17 is closest in meaning to (A) opportunity (B) advantage (C) purpose (D) rest

8. The word "it" in line 20 refers to (A) Feeding (B) moment (C) young animal (D) size

9. According to the passage, animal young are most defenseless when (A) their parents are away searching for food (B) their parents have many young to feed (C) they are only a few days old (D) they first become independent

10. The word "shielded" in line 22 is closest in meaning to (A) raised (B) protected (C) hatched (D) valued

11. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The origins of textile decoration (B) The characteristics of good-quality prints (C) Two types of printmaking (D) Types of paper used in printmaking

12. The word "prime" in line 2 is closest in meaning to (A) principal (B) complex (C) general (D) recent

13. The author's purposes in paragraph 2 is to describe (A) the woodcuts found in China in the fifth century (B) the use of woodcuts in the textile industry (C) the process involved in creating a woodcut (D) the introduction of woodcuts to Europe

14. The word "incised" in line 15 is closest in meaning to (A) burned (B) cut (C) framed (D) baked

15. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage/ (A) "patterns"(line 5) (B) "grain"(line 8) (C) "burin"(line 16) (D) "grooves"(line 17)

16. The word "distinctive" in line 19 is closest in meaning to (A) unique (B) accurate (C) irregular (D) similar

17. According to the passage, all of the following are true about engraving EXCEPT that it (A) developed from the art of the goldsmiths (B) requires that the paper be cut with a burin (C) originated in the fifteenth century (D) involves carving into a metal plate

18. The word "yield" in line 23 is closest in meaning to (A) imitate (B) produce (C) revise (D) contrast

19. According to the passage, what do woodcut and engraving have in common? (A) Their designs are slightly raised. (B) They achieve contrast through hatching and cross-hatching. (C) They were first used in Europe. (D) They allow multiple copies to be produced from one original.

20. According to the author, what made it possible for members of the general public to own prints in the sixteenth century? (A) Prints could be made at low cost. (B) The quality of paper and ink had improved. (C) Many people became involved in the printmaking industry. (D) Decreased demand for prints kept prices affordable.

21. According to the passage, all of the following are true about prints EXCEPT that they (A) can be reproduced on materials other than paper (B) are created from a reversed image (C) show variations between light and dark shades (D) require a printing press

22. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The development of agriculture (B) The locations of towns and villages (C) The early people and cultures of the United States (D) The construction of burial mounds

23. Which of the following resulted from the rise of agriculture in the southeastern United States? (A) The development of trade in North America (B) The establishment of permanent settlements (C) Conflicts with other Native American groups over land (D) A migration of these peoples to the Rocky Mountains.

24. What does the term "Adena-Hopewell"(line 7) designate? (A) The early locations of the Adena-Hopewell culture (B) The two most important nations of the Adena-Hopewell culture (C) Two former leaders who were honored with large burial mounds. (D) Two important trade routes in eastern North America

25. The word "bartering" in line 9 is closest in meaning to (A) producing (B) exchanging (C) transporting (D) loading

26. The word "supplanted" in line 13 is closest in meaning to (A) conquered (B) preceded (C) replaced (D) imitated

27. According to the passage, when did the Mississippian culture reach its highest point of development? (A) About A.D.400 (B) Between A.D. 400 AND A.D. 700 (C) About A.D. 1200 (D) In the sixteenth century

28. According to the passage, how did the agriculture of the Mississippians differ from that of their Hopewell predecessors? (A) The Mississippians produced more durable and larger crops of food. (B) The Mississippians sold their food to other groups. (C) The Mississippians could only grow plants in warm, dry climates. (D) The Mississippians produced special foods for their religious leaders.

29. Why does the author mention that many Mississippians tribes called themselves "children of the Sun"(line 22)? (A) To explain why they were obedient to their priest-chiefs. (B) To argue about the importance of religion in their culture. (C) To illustrate the great importance they placed on agriculture. (D) To provide an example of their religious rituals.

30. The phrase "charged with" in line 26 is closest in meaning to (A) passed on (B) experienced at (C) interested in (D) assigned to

31. According to the passage, the flat-topped mounds in Mississippian towns were used for all of the following purposes EXCEPT (A) religious ceremonies (B) meeting places for the entire community (C) sites for commerce (D) burial sites

32. Paragraph 1 discusses early road building in the United States mainly in terms of the (A) popularity of turnpikes (B) financing of new roads (C) development of the interior (D) laws governing road use

33. The word "primitive" in line 1 is closest in meaning to (A) unsafe (B) unknown (C) inexpensive (D) undeveloped

34. In 1790 most roads connected towns in the interior of the country with (A) other inland communities (B) towns in other states (C) river towns or seaports (D) construction sites

35. The phrase "on the threshold of" in line 4 and 5 is closest in meaning to (A) in need of (B) in place of (C) at the start of (D) with the purpose of

36. According to the passage, why did states want private companies to help with road building? (A) The states could not afford to build roads themselves. (B) The states were not as well equipped as private companies. (C) Private companies could complete roads faster than the states. (D) Private companies had greater knowledge of the interior.

37. The word "it" in line 11 refers to (A) legislature (B) company (C) authority (D) payment

38. The word "imitation" in line 14 is closest in meaning to (A) investment (B) suggestion (C) increasing (D) copying

39. Virginia is mentioned as an example of a state that (A) built roads without tollgates (B) built roads with government money (C) completed 1,500 miles of turnpikes in one year (D) introduced new law restricting road use

40. The "large, broad wheels" of the Conestoga wagon are mentioned in line 21 as an example of a feature of wagons that was (A) unusual in mid-eighteenth century vehicles (B) first found in Germany (C) effective on roads with uneven surfaces (D) responsible for frequent damage to freight

41. What is the passage mainly about? (A) The destructive effects of salt on rocks. (B) The impressive salt rocks in Death Valley. (C) The amount of salt produced in Death Valley. (D) The damaging effects of salt on roads and highways.

42. The word "it" in line 9 refers to (A) salty water (B) groundwater table (C) capillary action (D) sediment

43. The word "exert" in line 14 is closest in meaning to (A) put (B) reduce (C) replace (D) control

44. In lines 13-17, why does the author compare tree roots with growing salt crystals? (A) They both force hard surfaces to crack. (B) They both grow as long as water is available. (C) They both react quickly to a rise in temperature. (D) They both cause salty water to rise from the groundwater table.

45. In lines 17-18, the author mentions the "expansion of halite crystals...by heating and of sulfates and similar salts by hydration" in order to (A) present an alternative theory about crystal growth (B) explain how some rocks are not affected by salt (C) simplify the explanation of crystal prying and wedging (D) introduce additional means by which crystals destroy rocks

46. The word "durable" in line 19 is closest in meaning to (A) large (B) strong (C) flexible (D) pressured

47. The word "shattered" in line 20 is closest in meaning to (A) arranged (B) dissolved (C) broken apart (D) gathered together

48. The word "dominant" in line 22 is closest in meaning to (A) most recent (B) most common (C) least available (D) least damaging

49. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the effects of salts on rocks? (A) Only two types of salts cause prying and wedging. (B) Salts usually cause damage only in combination with ice. (C) A variety of salts in all kinds of environments can cause weathering. (D) Salt damage at the seashore is more severe than salt damage in Death Valley,

50. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about rocks that are found in areas where ice is common? (A) They are protected from weathering. (B) They do not allow capillary action of water. (C) They show similar kinds of damage as rocks in Death Valley. (D) They contain more carbonates than sulfates.

申論題 (0)