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無年度 - 2005年5月托福閱讀#20892

科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福 | 選擇題數：50 | 申論題數：0

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所屬科目：TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福

選擇題 (50)

1, What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) An early attempt to find reliable rules for dating rocks and mountains (B) The search for different rock types to be used in industry (C) Changing views about what caused high mountain ranges to form (D) A controversy about rocks between mining engineers and geologists
2. The word "grappled" in line 6 is closest in meaning to (A) competed (B) struggled (C) agreed (D) searched .
3. According to the passage, how could knowing the age of rocks benefit industry'? (A) It reduced the dependence of industry on coal. (B) It helped miners find new types of minerals. (C) It helped people in their search for industrial minerals. (D) It made it possible to mine rocks under Earth's surface.
4. According to the passage, mining engineers were the first to realize that (A) various types of rock were scattered across Earth's surface (B) rocks in different locations could be related by their age (C) there were wide differences in the appearance of different types of rocks (D) older rocks were better suited for industrial use
5. The word 'They" in line 21 refers to (A) crystalline rocks (B) the flanks (C) the Primitive mountains (D) layered sedimentary rocks
6. Why does the author mention rock type, hardness, and size in lines 22-23? (A) To describe the development of European geology (B) To explain the differences between mudstone and sandstone (C) To introduce the new theories that were about to emerge in the 1800's (D) To summarize the characteristics thought to distinguish mountain types
7. According to the passage, pioneer geologists believed that to determine a rock's age, it was helpful to know (A) how deep under the surface the rock was located (B) how much power was needed to remove the rock (C) how rough the rock's texture was (D) how soft the rock was
8. According to the passage, early geologists believed which of the following about Primitive mountains? (A) They had interior cores of sandstone and mudstone, (B) They contained a large number of fossils. (C) They had been formed during the same limited period in Earth's history. (D)They were smaller than the Tertiary mountains.
9. The word "proxy" in line 23 is closest in meaning to (A) substitute (B) preparation (C) product (D) choice
10. The word "vital" in line 2 is closest in meaning to (A) effective (B) ideal (C) unique (D) necessary
11 The author mentions clover in tine 12 as an example of a (A) plant that is typically grown on organic farms (B) crop that can be rotated and used as fertilizer (C) crop that replaces both nitrogen and trace elements in soil (D) plant that has been thoroughly depleted of nutrients in recent years
12. The author mentions all of the following as an example of ways to renew trace minerals in the soil EXCEPT (A) plowing crop wastes into the soil (B) organic farming (C) using appropriate water (D) growing the same crop year after year
13. The word "essentially" in line 15 is closest in meaning to (A) probably (B) biologically (C) basically (D) automatically
14. Which of the following does the passage identify as examples of plant waste products? (A) Potassium and phosphates (B) Clover (C) Trace elements (D) Com stalks and bean vines
15. According to paragraph three, critics of modem farming techniques believe that hardier species of fruits 'and vegetables have (A) been developed for the convenience of commercial distributors (B) resulted in an overdependence on chemical fertilizers (C) decreased farmers' control of crop yields (D) produced food with inferior flavor
16. The phrase "This concern" in line 23 refers to the (A) loss of vitamins in plants (B) production of hardier species (C) use of chemical fertilizers (D) distribution of agricultural products
17. Vitamins are created in plants by (A) crop rotation (B) organic farming (C) natural biological processes (D) artificial chemical supplements
18. The word "complement" in line 24 is closest in meaning to (A) demand (B) effect (C) replacement (D) range
19. What aspect of computer animation does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The production process (B) The equipment needed (C) The high cost (D) The role of the artist
20.According to the passage, in computer-assisted animation the role of the computer is to draw the (A) first frame (B) middle frames (C) last frame (D) entire sequence of frames
21. The word "they" in line 9 refers to (A) formulas (B) databases (C) numbers (D) objects
22. According to the passage, the frame buffers mentioned in line 15 are used to (A) add color to the images (B) expose several frames at the same time (C) store individual images (D) create new frames
23. The phrase "nothing more than" in lines 15-16 is closest in meaning to (A) increasingly (B) simply (C) paiticularly (D) instantly
24. According to the passage, the positions and colors of the figures m high-tech animation are determined by (A) drawing several versions (B) enlarging one frame at a lime (C) analyzing the sequence from different angles (D) using computer calculations
25. The word "captures" in line 21 is closest in meaning to (A) separates (B) registers (C) describes (D) numbers
26. The word "Once" in line 22 is closest in meaning to (A) before (B) since (C) after (D) while
27. According to the passage, how do computer-animation companies often test motion? (A) They experiment with computer-generated line drawings. (B) They hand-draw successive frames. (C) They calculate high-resolution images. (D) They develop extensive mathematical formulas.
28. The word "task" in line 28 is closest in meaning to (A) possibility (B) position (C) time (D) job
29. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage? (A) Computers have reduced the costs of animation. (B) In the future, traditional artists will no longer be needed. (C) Artists are unable to produce drawings as high in quality as computer drawings. (D)Animation involves a wide range of technical and artistic skills.
30. Which one of the following questions does the passage answer? (A) What role did Native American men play in teaching their agricultural methods to Scandinavian settlers? (B) How did the interaction between Native Americans and Scandinavian settlers benefit both groups? (C) What hardships did the Scandinavian women settlers experience in North America? (D) What caused a rivalry between the English and Scandinavian settlers in North America?
31. The word "fostered" in line 3 is closest in meaning to (A) encouraged (B) predated (C) predicted (D) rejected
32. In line 4, the word "notable" is closest in meaning to (A) social (B) predictable (C) remarkable (D) early
33.According to the passage, the Native American and Scandinavian cultures of the Delaware Valley initially had all of the following in common EXCEPT (A) loose organization (B) farming experience (C) metal fanning tools (D) local autonomy
34. According to the passage, why were Scandinavian women easily able to understand Native American horticulture? (A) They had prior knowledge of most Native American plants. (B) They had used similar cultivation practices in Scandinavia. (C) They were helped by Native American and colonial men, (D) hey were able to use Native American farming tools.
35. Why does the author contrast English and French settlers with Scandinavian settlers in lines 14-18 ? (A) To suggest that they learned at least some hunting skills from each other (B) To illustrate that it is hard to decide who established the earliest North American hunting techniques (C) To explain why the Scandinavians were able to adopt Native American hunting techniques more easily (D) To show how Native Americans might have acquired steel knives and firearms
36. What does the author imply about French and English settlers? (A) Most of them did not come from the nobility. (B) Most of them hunted with advanced firearms. (C) They taught hunting skills to Scandinavian settlers. (D) They provided Native Americans with linen hunting shirts.
37. In Line 18, the phrase "receptive to" is closest in meaning to (A) suspicious of (B) ready for (C) dependent on (D) new lo
38. The word ''emerged" in line 21 is closest in meaning to (A) enlarged (B) disappeared (C) remained (D) developed
39. Why does the author state in lines 21-22 that the log cabin ought to serve as a symbol? (A) It could be built by using the available resources of the Delaware Valley. (B) It was built across the frontiers of colonial North America. (C) It uses a construction technique brought to North America by Scandinavian settlers. (D) It is a good example of the cultural mixing of native and settler cultures.
40, What is the main topic of the passage? (A) The difficulties with various forms of public transportation in the 1920's (B) The effect of poor roads on the development of rail transportation (C) The differences between intraurban arid intercity transportation at the aim of the century (D) The early development of bud transportation
41 What does the author imply about horse-drawn coaches at the turn of the twentieth century? (A) They were not available within cities. (B) They did not provide as good service as the railroads. (C) They were more popular than bicycles. (D) They were strong competitors of trams and trolleys.
42. The word "deplorable" in line 6 is closest in meaning to (A) unusable (B) worn (C) awful (D) difficult
43. The word "hampered" in line 8 is closest in meaning to (A) restrained (B) supported (C) favored (D) damaged
44. According to the passage, until the 1920's, the best way to travel between cities was by (A) steam powered trains (B) trams and trolleys (C) bicycles (D) cars
45. According to the passage, all of the following changed travel in America in the 1920's EXCEPT (A) widespread ownership of cars (B) improved roads (C) innovations in public transport (D) competition between trams and trolleys
46. The phrase "These ubiquitous bus pioneers" in lines 17-18 refers to (A) Americans who could not afford cars (B) car owners who preferred toleave distance driving to others (C) individuals attracted to the intercity bus industry (D) fare-paying passengers
47. Which of the following best describes early bus drivers? (A) They had previous work experience ia public transportation, (B) They were cautious in business matters* (C) They did not at first have high costs. (D) They did not have many competitors
48. According to the passage, people learned about new bus routes from (A) radio broadcasts (B) conversations with other people (C) signs in the buses (D) notices posted in local stores .
49. What can be inferred from the passage about the beginning of the bus industry in America'? (A) High profits do not explain why so many people started providing bus services. (B) The bus industry was started by the large corporations that constructed highways. (C) The founders of bus transportation had difficulty buying vehicles that could be used as buses. (D) Passengers used bus transportation even though it was neither regular nor fast.
50. According to the passage, which of the following characterized early bus travel? (A) Established routes (B) Comfortable seats (C) Fully occupied buses (D) Published schedules

申論題 (0)