六. Test Design: 10% 請依據下列文章,出五題文意字彙題及抄寫原文出五題綜合測驗題。 After a long exhausting week, Kevin and his buddies went to get a drink and something to eat. Pretty soon, the conversation turned to their office. They took turns complaining about their demanding boss, their annoying coworkers, and anything else that was bothering them. But why did they do this? Did their complaining make things better?
Psychologists believe that there are two kinds of complaining. The first, called instrumental complaining, is used to achieve a result. An example of this is telling a waiter that your meal in a restaurant was awfully cooked. This usually results in a replacement meal or a refund. However, the other kind, expressive complaining has a different function. This is the sort of moaning that Kevin and his friends were indulging in. The aim is not to bring about change, but to get attention, gain sympathy, and form social connection.
Does complaining bring any benefits? Firstly, complaining helps you get your problems off your chest and out in the open. If you keep grievances to yourself, you’ll have to deal with the pain or stress on your own. Secondly, it allows people to bond over shared experiences. By sharing complaints about the same issue, we can assure each other that we’re not alone. In these situations, getting advice about how to solve the problem is a bonus, but it’s not the main purpose of complaining.
So it’s acceptable to grumble every now and again. However, someone who never stops complaining will soon become unpopular.Therefore, it’s important not to complain too much. Let other people have their turn too, be a good listener, and learn when it’s time to turn the conversation to something more positive. After all, you don’t want people to be complaining about you!
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