1. 請將以下短文翻譯成中文。(50%)
A two-stage decision-support approach for improving sustainable last-mile cold chain logistics operations of COVID-19 vaccines
The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global health and humanitariancrisis. To control the disease spread and restore normal lives, mass vaccinationis considered the most effective way. However, the sustainable last-mile coldchain logistics operations of COVID-19 vaccines is a complex short-termplanning problem that faces many practical challenges, e.g., low-temperaturestorage and transportation, supply uncertainty at the early stage, etc. To tacklethese challenges, a two-stage decision-support approach is proposed in thispaper, which integrates both route optimization and advanced simulation toimprove the sustainable performance of last-mile vaccine distribution. Througha real-world case study, the analytical results revealed that the logistics networkstructure, fleet size, and the composition of heterogeneous vehicles might yieldsignificant impacts on the service level, transportation cost, and CO2 emissions.
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