113年 - 113 國立臺北大學_碩士班一般入學考試試題_社會學系：社會學#146572

1. 社會資本 (social capital)

2. 同構 (isomorphism)

3. 社會階層化 (social stratification)

4. 結構洞 (structural hole)

5. 馬太效應 (Matthew effect)

6. 依變項 (Dependent variable)

1. Men make their own history, but they do not make it as they please; they do not make it under self-selected circumstances, but under circumstances existing already, given and transmitted from the past. The tradition of all dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brains of the living. And just as they seem to be occupied with revolutionizing themselves and things, creating something that did not exist before, precisely in such epochs of revolutionary crisis they anxiously conjure up the spirits of the past to their service, borrowing from them names, battle slogans, and costumes in order to present this new scene in world history in time-honored disguise and borrowed language.

2. In examining health, illness, and medicine as a social institution, interactionists generally focus on the micro-level study of the roles played by health care professionals and patients. They emphasize that the patient should not always be viewed as passive. Labeling theorists suggest that the designation of “healthy” or “ill” involves social definition of others. Specifically, health care professionals have the power to define certain people as “sick.” Such labels commonly reshape how others treat us and how we see ourselves.

(1a) 何謂大數據？請做出明確的定義；並說明大數據和傳統社會學領域的量化研究的「數據」有什麼不同？(10 分)

(1b) 有什麼社會學議題是傳統社會學的研究方法難以處理，但透過大數據的技術現在可以研究或是做更精準的分析？哪些是社會學研究又是大數據分析無法取代的？為什麼無法被取代？(10 分)

(1c) 社會學的專業訓練，對大數據分析可以有什麼貢獻？你認為大數據分析的來臨對社會學專業訓練的影響與衝擊為何？社會學可以如何調整現有的知識體系與訓練架構來回應？(10 分)

2. 臺灣某個研究機構發表了一篇關於國際學生來臺就讀大學的報告，報告書內提到，該機構以在網路上發問卷給在臺灣就讀大學的境外生進行調查，並成功的收集到 2,175 份問卷。問卷結果顯示 24.43% 的受訪者會將「是否獲得獎學金」，做為是否決定來臺就讀大學之因素。
臺灣某大學某系所的系主任看到上述報告結果後，決定不再用獎學金吸引境外學生，因為只有四分之一的境外學生會因為有無獲得獎學金，來決定是否來臺就讀。
從研究方法的角度來看，你同不同意系主任的推論？為什麼？