VI. Reading Comprehension Question Setting (15%) 請依下列選文，進行新式學測混合題題組命題，該題組應有 5 題，5 題中應包含三種混合題題型。
Our current economic model is a "linear economy" that extracts raw materials, turns them into products, and then discards them as waste after use. Only 7.2% of used materials are cycled back into our economies, burdening the environment and contributing to climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution.
The circular economy aims to minimize waste and promote sustainable resource use through smarter product design, longer use, recycling, and regenerating nature. Besides reducing pollution, it can help solve complex challenges like climate change and biodiversity loss.
While waste management is the common example, the circular economy goes far beyond that, applying to sectors from textiles to construction at various product lifecycle stages. In textiles, there are initiatives using regenerative agriculture for natural fibers, natural dyes, and producing higher quality, longer-lasting, repairable, and recyclable clothing. In construction, circular solutions include reducing virgin material use, reusing existing materials, or substituting carbon-intensive materials with regenerative alternatives like timber.
A true circular economy would see electronics refurbished, packaging becoming water-soluble and biodegradable, and animal waste used for fertilizer and biogas. Such measures are crucial, as we are already using more natural resources than are available, consuming over 95 billion metric tons in 2019 alone.
If current trends continue, we would need three planets worth of resources by 2050. Besides the 13% of food lost after harvesting and 17% wasted at retail, the amount of mismanaged electronic waste in 2019 7 equaled 7.3 kg per person, harming health and the environment.
To return to safe consumption limits, studies show we need to reduce global material extraction and use by a third. Transitioning to a circular economy will be instrumental, as material extraction and use currently account for 70% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Efficient, more circular use of just four key industrial materials could reduce emissions by 40% by 2050. Including circular approaches in the food system could achieve 49% reductions overall.
By embedding circular economy strategies into countries' climate pledges under the Paris Agreement, the transition to a low-carbon economy can be accelerated while protecting nature and creating green jobs. The circular economy provides a vital pathway to using our finite resources more sustainably.
-rewritten from What Is Circular Economy and Why Does It Matter? (2023, April 23). United Nations Development Programme.
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