115年 - 115 臺南市立蓮潭國民中小學(國中部)_教師甄選試題：英文科#140303

科目：教甄◆英文科 | 年份：115年 | 選擇題數：50 | 申論題數：0

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選擇題 (50)

1. People have great ______ to adapt to different living conditions; their ability to cope is immeasurable. (A) similarity (B) reflection (C) capacity (D) interaction

2. Utilized extensively within modern aromatherapy, the volatile essential oils derived from lavender are hypothesized to ______ psychological distress. (A) assimilate (B) alleviate (C) accumulate (D) adulterate

3. Probably one of the most important qualities we can teach our children is ______, the ability to recover strongly from difficulties faced during their lives. (A) resilience (B) concurrence (C) pertinence (D) inference

4. Schools should aim to decrease students' ______ to misinformation by teaching critical thinking skills. (A) infringement (B) pandemonium (C) rapprochement (D) susceptibility

5. Governments must invest in retraining programs to ______ the social upheaval caused by automation. (A) decimate (B) forebode (C) mitigate (D) sabotage
6. The pursuit of scientific discovery is ___ risky; for every breakthrough, there are countless failed experiments that go unrecorded.
(A) grudgingly
(B) inherently
(C) judiciously
(D) ravenously
7. To ensure the longevity of the historical documents, the museum curators must ___ manage the humidity levels in the archives.
(A) sumptuously
(B) sporadically
(C) scrupulously
(D) synergistically
8. The month-long strike ended after the university ___ some of the student protestors' demands.
(A) conceded
(B) contorted
(C) refracted
(D) suffused
9. After the local team started winning every game, many people who weren't even fans decided to ___.
(A) sat on the fence
(B) go down in flames
(C) beat around the bush
(D) jump on the bandwagon
10. The administration's decision to curtail subsidies during a fiscal crisis ___ the fears of the middle class, leading to widespread social unrest.
(A) cast a pall over
(B) played second fiddle to
(C) fanned the flames of
(D) dampened the spirits of

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11. _______ had the CEO implemented the radical restructuring plan than the company’s stock prices began to stabilize after months of volatility.

(A) Scarcely
(B) No sooner
(C) Hardly ever
(D) Not only
12. The institutional review board mandated that the principal investigator _______ all raw data to the ethics board before proceeding with the second phase of the clinical trial.

(A) submit
(B) submitted
(C) would submit
(D) will submit
13. After reviewing the feedback from the initial testing phase, the project manager announced that the official launch date of the new software _______.

(A) postpones
(B) will postpone
(C) was postponing
(D) has been postponed
14. Had the diplomatic mission failed to reach a consensus, the neighboring regions _______ into an era of interminable civil strife.

(A) should be catapulted
(B) might have catapulted
(C) would have been catapulted
(D) had been catapulted
15. What is the fundamental difference between EMI and CLIL regarding “scaffolding”?

(A) EMI provides more language scaffolding because students must understand difficult academic content.
(B) CLIL typically provides extensive language scaffolding through visual aids, sentence frames, and word banks.
(C) EMI mainly uses scaffolding activities to help students memorize academic vocabulary and grammar rules.
(D) Neither EMI nor CLIL includes scaffolding support because students are expected to learn independently.
16. Erickson’s psychosocial theory explains human development as a series of eight stages, each defined by a central conflict that shapes _______ and social functioning.

(A) fraternity
(B) personality
(C) legibility
(D) tonality

Cultural barriers in marketing can be overcome by repositioning brands, changing advertising and product features to _______ (17) local sensitivities and so on. Much more difficult to manage are the cultural differences that arise when companies establish multinational subsidiaries and then expect members of different national cultures to work together. This is especially the case with Western companies _______ (18) subsidiaries in Japan.

Japanese workers often prefer strong, directive leadership to the more democratic model now common in the West. They also rely much more on senior managers to sort out problems. Linguistic confusion is also compounded _______ (19) quite different

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attitudes to issues such as ethics, reporting and control, and workers' rights and responsibilities. Managers and executives in Japan are more concerned about maintaining group harmony but they are less inclined to speak openly.

Given increased international interaction and big differences in styles and cultures, it is important to be able to match one's communication styles with _(20)_ of colleagues in other countries. Indeed, the increased interaction with colleagues in other countries can result in a dramatic contrast in styles, cultures and expectations. That, in turn, makes it more important to ensure that an organization has _(21)_ to the interpersonal and management skills needed to be effective in the countries in which it operates.
17. (A) staple
(B) heal
(C) free
(D) suit
18. (A) established
(B) establishing
(C) establishes
(D) establish

19. (A) with (B) from (C) by (D) for

20. (A) those (B) these (C) this (D) that

21. (A) credit (B) access (C) symbol (D) code 
22. (A) congenitally (B) contingently (C) instinctively (D) intrinsically
23. (A) acutely (B) accordingly (C) acquiescently (D) accidently
24. (A) In its nascent gestation (B) At its subsequent maturation
(C) In its latent manifestations (D) On its initial inception
25. (A) catalog the empirical dimensions of

(B) capitalize on the latent synergies of
(C) compromise the structural integrity of
(D) circumvent the inherent constraints of
26. (A) dismiss the necessity of classical technological paradigms

(B) diminish the complexity of existing diagnostic protocols
(C) derive the blueprint for next-generation bio-inspired sensors
(D) deviate from the established standards of modern electronics

The rapid proliferation of generative artificial intelligence has sent shockwaves through the corridors of higher education. While some educators embrace these tools as catalysts for innovation, others perceive them as a fundamental threat to academic integrity. The primary concern lies in the potential for students to outsource their critical thinking to algorithms, thereby _(27)_ the very foundations of the learning process. _(28)_ simple plagiarism, which is often detectable through conventional software, AI-generated content is uniquely synthesized, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish between human intuition and machine-calculated output. Consequently, universities are forced to re-evaluate their assessment methodologies. Many institutions are now pivoting back to proctored, in-person examinations to ensure authentic student performance. _(29)_, this shift is not without its detractors, who argue that retreating to traditional methods ignores the reality of a modern workforce where AI proficiency is becoming a prerequisite. They suggest that instead of banning these technologies, curricula should be _(30)_ to include AI literacy as a core competency. Ultimately, the goal is to strike a delicate balance between leveraging technological efficiency and preserving the sanctity of intellectual effort. If academia fails to adapt, it risks becoming _(31)_ in a world where the boundaries between biological and artificial intelligence are becoming progressively blurred.
27. (A) galvanizing (B) enervating (C) obviating (D) subverting
28. (A) Tantamount to (B) Incongruous with

(C) Distinct from (D) Divergent from
29. (A) Be that as it may (B) By the same token
(C) As a direct corollary (D) In a similar vein
30. (A) sequestered
(B) calibrated
(C) relegated
(D) superseded
31. (A) nascent
(B) versatile
(C) vestigial
(D) aberrant

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence has introduced a formidable challenge to the traditional landscape of information consumption: the "deepfake." These are hyper-realistic digital manipulations, typically involving the replacement of a person's likeness or voice with another using advanced machine learning algorithms. While the technology has creative applications in the film and gaming industries, its potential for misuse—ranging from the spread of political disinformation to the destruction of personal reputations—has sounded an alarm among educators and policymakers alike. The primary danger of deepfakes lies not just in their ability to deceive, but in their capacity to erode the concept of objective truth itself. This is known as the "liar's dividend." When the public becomes aware that any video or audio clip could be a sophisticated fabrication, it becomes easier for powerful figures to dismiss authentic, incriminating evidence as "fake." Consequently, the skepticism intended to protect citizens from falsehoods may inadvertently lead to a total breakdown of trust in legitimate institutional sources. To combat this, media literacy education must move beyond simple "fact-checking." Modern curricula are shifting toward "lateral reading"—the practice of leaving a suspicious site to see what other reputable sources say about it—rather than analyzing the internal features of a single video. Furthermore, students must be taught to recognize the emotional triggers that deepfakes often exploit. As digital tools become more adept at mimicking reality, the human ability to think critically and verify information through multiple independent channels remains our most essential defense.
32. Which statement best summarizes the author's perspective on deepfakes?

(A) They represent a primarily computational dilemma requiring more robust algorithmic detection frameworks as a solitary resolution.
(B) Their most profound threat resides in the systemic destabilization of shared reality, fostering a pervasive climate of indiscriminate skepticism.
(C) They are a transient technological phase that will be neutralized by the innate adaptive intelligence of the digital native population.
(D) The creative utility of synthetic media in the arts sufficiently justifies the collateral damage to the integrity of political discourse.
33. What is the "liar's dividend" as described in the passage?

(A) The strategic advantage leveraged by dishonest actors to delegitimize authentic evidence by exploiting the public's generalized skepticism.
(B) The economic incentives provided to academic institutions for the integration of AI-verification protocols into modern curricula.

(C) The fiscal gains reaped by software conglomerates through the monetization of hyper-realistic digital synthesis tools.
(D) The geopolitical leverage obtained through the mass distribution of state-sponsored disinformation during electoral cycles.
34. What is the author’s primary strategic objective in introducing the concept of “lateral reading”?

(A) To provide a comprehensive technical manual for students to ethically synthesize hyper-realistic media for pedagogical purposes.
(B) To argue that the intrinsic features of a video remain the most reliable metric for verifying digital authenticity in the AI era.
(C) To advocate for a pedagogical paradigm shift that prioritizes cross-referential verification over traditional content analysis.
(D) To underscore the necessity of legislative intervention in mandating the use of state-approved detection software in public schools.
35. Based on the passage, what can be inferred about the limitations of traditional “fact-checking” in the era of deepfakes?

(A) It is prohibitively time-consuming and fails to keep pace with the rapid dissemination cycles of advanced machine learning algorithms.
(B) It primarily targets the film and gaming industries while neglecting the ore insidious threats posed by political disinformation.
(C) It lacks the legislative authority required to penalize individuals who benefit from the “liar’s dividend” in institutional settings.
(D) It erroneously assumes that digital authenticity can still be validated by scrutinizing the internal consistency of a solitary source.
36. What of the following best encapsulates the author’s underlying assumption regarding the future of information integrity?

(A) The efficacy of digital defense resides less in algorithmic sophistication than in the cognitive adaptability of the individual.
(B) The restoration of institutional trust is contingent upon the mandatory implementation of centralized AI-detection databases
(C) Technological advancement will eventually reach a plateau, allowing human cognitive defense mechanisms to regain a permanent advantage.
(D) The potential for creative innovation in synthetic media will ultimately necessitate the total abandonment of objective truth as a social construct.

In sociology, the "third place" refers to the social surroundings that are separate from the two usual social environments of home—the "first place," and the workplace—the "second place." Examples include local coffee shops, libraries, parks, and community centers. These spaces are characterized by their accessibility, their role in facilitating neutral conversation, and their ability to level social status. According to urban sociologists, a robust network of third places is vital for the psychological well-being of a city's inhabitants, providing a sense of belonging and "social glue" that prevents isolation. However, modern urban development has increasingly prioritized "non-places"—spaces designed for transit or commerce, such as shopping malls and highway rest stops—over these community-oriented hubs. Unlike third places, non-places are transient and impersonal; they do not encourage the spontaneous interactions that build social capital. The decline of the third place has been linked to a rise in urban loneliness and the erosion of civic engagement. When a city lacks spaces where people can gather without the pressure to spend money, the opportunity for diverse social groups to interact is significantly diminished. To revitalize urban mental health, architects and city planners are now exploring the concept of "tactical urbanism." This approach involves small-scale, low-cost interventions, such as converting parking spots into "parklets" or creating temporary pedestrian zones. By reclaiming public space from cars and commerce, cities can foster environments that encourage lingering and conversation. Ultimately, the health of a city depends not just on its economic output or its transportation efficiency, but on the strength of the informal social networks that thrive in the spaces in between.
37. Which of the following best articulates the central thesis of the passage?

(A) The ontological delineation of "third places" as vital conduits for social cohesion and their ongoing displacement by utilitarian "non-places."

(B) The historical transition from agrarian community hubs to industrialized "second places" and the resulting economic disparity.

(C) The architectural necessity of prioritizing transportation efficiency over the psychological comfort of urban inhabitants.

(D) The socio-political implications of "tactical urbanism" as a primary fiscal strategy for maximizing metropolitan economic output.
38. How do "non-places" fundamentally diverge from "third places" in terms of their sociopolitical function?

(A) Non-places are characterized by their geographic proximity to residential zones rather than transit hubs.

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(B) Non-places are defined by their functionalist utility, prioritizing transient movement over the organic cultivation of social capital.
(C) Non-places offer a more egalitarian environment for social status leveling than traditional third places.
(D) Non-places require significant financial investment from the private sector to foster community engagement.
39. According to the passage, the erosion of “third places” within the urban fabric precipitates which of the following sociopolitical shifts?

(A) An escalation in psychological burnout characterized by the loss of clear demarcations between domestic and professional spheres.
(B) A progressive deflation in the operational costs of metropolitan infrastructure through the centralization of commerce.
(C) The involuntary migration of marginalized populations toward standardized “non-places” as a primary mode of social survival.
(D) The atrophy of civic engagement and the fragmentation of heterogeneous social networks across different socioeconomic strata.
40. Which of the following best characterizes the methodology of "tactical urbanism"?

(A) A top-down bureaucratic initiative designed to maximize the economic output of metropolitan transit networks.
(B) A commercial strategy employed by shopping malls to simulate the social atmosphere of traditional town squares.
(C) Incremental, community-led modifications aimed at reclaiming utilitarian spaces for public discourse and leisure.
(D) The systematic digitization of communal hubs to facilitate remote social interactions in “non-places.”
41. Which of the following best characterizes the author’s philosophical stance regarding the assessment of urban vitality?

(A) Holistic and sociological, asserting that the resilience of a metropolis is fundamentally predicated on the robustness of its informal communal ties.
(B) Nostalgic and protectionist, advocating for the total restoration of traditional physical libraries as the sole remedy for “touristification.”
(C) Empirical and utilitarian, prioritizing the expansion of high-efficiency transit networks as the primary metric for systemic health.
(D) Skeptical and dismissive, suggesting that the psychological well-being of inhabitants is an intangible factor that complicates objective urban planning.

There has been an increase in animal conservation efforts over the last 50 years, and human intervention has helped the population of many animal species to recover. The four success stories below show that while humans have often been instrumental in condemning a species to death, we are also able to bring species back from the brink of extinction.

## Whales

During the past two centuries many species of whales have been commercially hunted, primarily for their meat and fats. After commercial hunting was banned internationally, many whale populations began to recover. For example, more than 1,700 blue whales can now be found off the Pacific coast of North America. Some 200,000 humpback whales were killed in southern seas alone in the 20th century, and an estimated 95% of its population wiped out, but they now number approximately 8,000. Gray whales, fin whales, and bowhead whales have all seen an increase in their numbers. Not every country signed or complies with the treaty banning the hunting of whales, but the recovery of whale numbers has proven the effectiveness of the ban. However, the plight of the whales is not over, and while some species have healthy numbers, others remain vulnerable.

## The Otter

Over 30 years ago, otters in Britain were believed to be nearly extinct. They once lived all over the country, but by the 1970s only small remnants of once large populations were found. Today, however, they can be found across the entire country, and number in the thousands. Their recovery is the result of a successful ban on a type of pesticide in the 1970s. Improved water quality in rivers has made their watery habitat cleaner and healthier for the animals. Otters were also placed on the government's protected species list. Sadly, the biggest threat to otters today is urbanization. Many otters risk their lives crossing busy roads to get from one river stream to the next, and many end up being hit by vehicles. Conservationists have persuaded the government to build special tunnels in certain areas to help otters make the crossing.

## The Golden Lion Tamarin

The golden lion tamarin is a small monkey known for its vibrant golden fur and sociable nature. They are native to the Atlantic coastal forests of Brazil, and are a national symbol for the country. Thirty years ago there were fewer than 200 of these tiny monkeys. Thanks to the National Zoo, other zoos, conservation organizations, and Brazil's government, there are now about 1,600 living in the wild. The primary threat to their survival has been habitat loss, and having their populations separated by urban and agricultural development. Now, about 1,500 golden lion tamarins live in the wild. Another 450 live in captivity worldwide. While the number of golden lions has

increased, they will need to double their population to leave the list of endangered species.

## The Gray Wolf

Until 1967, when they were listed as endangered, ruthless hunting by trophy hunters had killed most of the gray wolves in the lower 48 states of the United States. There have been numerous efforts to increase the wolf population since the early 1980s, such as a program to reintroduce them to parks in the Rocky Mountains. In fact, these efforts actually became too successful, and gray wolf populations started to expand beyond the mountain areas and started to threaten livestock in farming areas. In 2011, the gray wolf was no longer listed as endangered; this has allowed states to reduce their populations and keep their numbers in heck. Their populations in some states are now controlled by hunting and trapping. Currently there are about 5,000 wolves in the lower 48 states of the U.S., plus at least 10,000 in Alaska.
42. What was the author's purpose in writing this article?

(A) To show how scientific developments can help conservation efforts.
(B) To inform the reader of some wildlife conservation success stories.
(C) To convince the reader to be more active in local conservation efforts.
(D) To explain why some endangered species are more worthy of saving than others.
43. Which is NOT mentioned as a threat to animal populations in the passage?

(A) Hunting
(B) Urbanization
(C) Disease
(D) Pollution from pesticides
44. Which of the following situations regarding the ban on whale hunting would the author like to see?

(A) The ban remains in place.
(B) The ban is lifted for most whale species.
(C) The ban is lifted for all whale species.
(D) The effectiveness of the ban is challenged and tested.
45. Which of the following is NOT a cause to an increase in otter numbers?

(A) Their listing as a protected species.
(B) An improvement in river water quality.
(C) The removal of dangerous roads near rivers.
(D) The banning of a particular kind of pesticide.

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In an era in which digital transformation is often associated with depersonalization, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) agents into higher education presents a paradox: technology designed to streamline processes is also making student support feel more personal. Although students are generally capable, they often find themselves in a vulnerable transitional stage, lacking either the language to clearly articulate their needs or the foresight to seek assistance before problems escalate. Traditionally, bridging this gap has relied on human judgment—the ability of advisors to interpret subtle cues and read between the lines. However, as enrolment numbers increase and administrative demands intensify, the capacity for such individualized attention has become increasingly limited.

AI agents are reshaping this landscape by taking on much of the routine administrative workload. By automating repetitive inquiries and initial eligibility checks, these systems help ensure that student interest is not lost due to delayed responses. Rather than functioning as simple chatbots, more advanced systems can assess student needs in context, engaging through multiple communication channels to better understand academic goals and financial constraints. Importantly, this technological layer does not replace human involvement; instead, it preserves it. By handling routine matters, AI enables human advisors to focus their attention on situations that require empathy, discretion, or more complex problem-solving.

This shift is increasingly supported by evidence. Institutions that have adopted AI tools report noticeable increases in enrolment, in some cases ranging from 20 to 30 percent. Beyond recruitment, AI systems also play a growing role in student retention. By continuously monitoring engagement data, they can identify early signs of academic difficulty. Instead of waiting for students to disengage or fail, institutions can intervene earlier with timely and non-intrusive support, such as suggestions for tutoring services. This approach helps reduce the psychological barriers that often prevent students from seeking help, particularly concerns about embarrassment or perceived stigma.

Ultimately, the aim of integrating AI into education is to create a more seamless learning environment, from initial inquiry through to graduation. By reducing administrative friction—whether through reminders about tuition deadlines or assistance with citation formatting—AI allows students to focus more fully on learning and educators to concentrate on teaching and mentorship. In this sense, AI should not be understood as a replacement for human connection, but rather as an enabling infrastructure that makes sustained human support more feasible at scale.

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46. The author's characterization of the "irony" in the first paragraph primarily serves to:

(A) Criticize the historical failure of human advisors to support students.
(B) Highlight the high cost of implementing AI agents in traditional universities.
(C) Argue that "human reconnaissance" is an outdated concept in the digital age.
(D) Illustrate that technological intervention can paradoxically enhance human connection.
47. According to the passage, which best explains how AI agents "preserve" human-centered support?

(A) AI requires human advisors to verify every student interaction for quality assurance.
(B) AI agents completely take over all communication between students and institutions.
(C) AI handles routine tasks, allowing human advisors to focus on empathy and complex support.
(D) AI provides emotional support more effectively than humans and is gradually replacing advisors.
48. It can be inferred from the tutoring discussion that a major barrier to student success is:

(A) A shortage of tutors and funds.
(B) Mental reluctance to seek help.
(C) Delays in real-time data systems.
(D) AI can't understand complex subjects.
49. The passage suggests that the relationship between AI agents and human advisors is best described as:

(A) Complementary.
(B) Interdisciplinary.
(C) Underprivileged.
(D) Sanctimonious.
50. A university administrator notices that many prospective students start their online applications but stop midway through the financial aid section. According to the essay, how should the AI agent be programmed to address this specific "pain point"?

(A) Their ability to replace the academic registrar in determining graduation requirements.
(B) It should immediately block the student from accessing the portal until they pay a deposit.
(C) It should automatically fill in the student's financial data using information found on social media.
(D) It should trigger a real-time intervention by asking if the student needs help with transcripts or deadlines.

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