Questions 29-39
The Native American peoples of the north Pacific Coast created a highly complex
maritime culture as they invented modes of production unique to their special
environment. In addition to their sophisticated technical culture, they also attained one of
the most complex social organizations of any nonagricultural people in the wold.
In a division of labor similar to that of the hunting peoples in the interior and among
foraging peoples throughout the world, the men did most of the fishing, and the women
processed the catch. Women also specialized in the gathering of the abundant shellfish
that lived closer to shore. They collected oysters, crabs, sea urchins, mussels, abalone,
and clams, which they could gather while remaining close to their children. The maritime
life harvested by the women not only provided food, but also supplied more of the raw
materials for making tools than did fish gathered by the men. Of particular
importance for the native tool than did the fish gathered by the men. Of particular
made from the larger mussel shells, and a variety of cutting edges that could be made
from other marine shells.
The women used their tools to process all of the fish and marine mammals brought in
by the men. They cleaned the fish, and dried vast quantities of them for the winter. They
sun-dried fish when practical, but in the rainy climate of the coastal area they also used
smokehouses to preserve tons of fish and other seafood annually. Each product had its
own peculiar characteristics that demanded a particular way of cutting or drying the meat,
(20) and each task required its own cutting blades and other utensils.
After drying the fish, the women pounded some of them into fish meal, which was an
easily transported food used in soups, stews, or other dishes to provide protein and
thickening in the absence of fresh fish or while on long trips. The women also made a
cheese-like substance from a mixture of fish and roe by aging it in storehouses or by
(25) burying it in wooden boxes or pits lined with rocks and tree leaves.
【題組】35. All of the following are true of the north
Pacific coast women EXCEPT that they
(A) were more likely to catch shellfish than other kinds of fish
(B) contributed more materials for tool
making than the men did
(C) sometimes searched for food far inland
from the coast
(D) prepared and preserved the fish