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TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language)托福題庫下載題庫

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Questions 1-9 With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, knowing the age of rocks became a necessary prerequisite to finding industrial minerals, such as coal, iron, and the other materials that fueled and sustained the great Western industrialization of the eighteenth Line and nineteenth centuries. It was in the mining regions where engineers, who needed a  better system for organizing the various types of rock scattered across Earth's surface, first grappled with scientific approaches to understanding the age of various rocks—and the age of Earth. They realized that if the various rock units could he dated by their relative ages, correlations among even widely separated rocks could be established and from this, some order recognized.  The pioneering European geologists first believed that identifying a rock's type would give them a strong clue to the age of the rock formation and that one of the most powerful clues came from the hardness of a given rock. Specific rock types were thus assumed to have formed at characteristically different rimes, the softest rocks having formed the most recently. This crude type of dating was first used to understand the way mountains were formed, In the mid-1700's it was thought that there were three distinct types of mountains in Europe, each formed by a different type of rock and each created at a different time. According to this theory, the oldest were the Alps, which had interior cores composed of very hard, crystalline rocks (such as granite, schist, or basalt). These mountains were called Primitive. Sitting on the flanks of the Primitive mountains were younger, smaller,  Secondary mountains composed of layered sedimentary rocks such as limestone. They were often rich with fossils and intermediate in hardness. The youngest Tertiary mountains were composed of softer mudstones and sandstone. Rock type, hardness, and size thus established mountain type, and rock type also became a proxy for age. However, study soon exposed the fallacy of these early notions. It was discovered that 25 some of the very high mountains were composed of the softest sediments and that even hard volcanic rock was sometimes found in very low mountains. By the early 1800's, it was understood that rock type was of no help in establishing age.
【題組】7. According to the passage, pioneer geologists believed that to determine a rock's age, it was helpful to know
(A) how deep under the surface the rock was located
(B) how much power was needed to remove the rock
(C) how rough the rock's texture was
(D) how soft the rock was

答案：D
難度： 困難

10
 【站僕】摩檸Morning：有沒有達人來解釋一下?
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pretest 高三下 (2016/11/29):

Specific rock types were thus assumed to have formed at characteristically different rimes, the softest rocks having formed the most recently. 最軟/硬度最小的岩石的形成時間是最近的

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pretest 高三下 (2016/11/29):

The pioneering European geologists first believed that ....that one of the most powerful clues came from the hardness of a given rock. 岩石年齡的判定 最有力線索為岩石的硬度

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Questions 1-9 With the onset of the Indu..-阿摩線上測驗