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Drinking culture exists in almost every country around the world because alcohol consumption has become anintegral part of socializing in many cultures. However, since different countries have their own beliefs andpractices about drinking alcohol, it is better to heed to those different traditions and customs in order not to getyourself embarrassed or even in trouble while you are in a different land. Different countries, for instance, dohave their own drinking etiquette, times, places and regulations. In the UK, almost everyone knows that youwill be discriminated if you don’t buy your round before leaving a pub or bar. In the Czech Republic, it is wiseto place your beermat on top of your drinking cup to indicate that you’re finished with your drinking. Or yourempty cup will get filling up even if you don’t want to drink any more. In Germany, always keep your eyecontacts with people you’re having a toast with. If you don’t, you’ll be condemned with having seven yearsof bad luck. In Japan, however, you should avoid offending your colleagues, especially those who are yourseniors, by averting your head from them.
Drinking times also vary in different cultures. People in the UK, Iceland, and the Czech Republic tend to drinkafter the midday, in the evening or even after the midnight in the case of Iceland, whereas it is customable forpeople in Spain, France, Russia, and Germany to drink during lunch. The German even drink on Sundaymornings known as Frühschoppen. It is a drinking gathering for family members after their Sunday morningchurch service. Drinking regulations also diverge in many countries. Rules about where to purchase andconsume alcohol as well as the proper drinking age do differ from nation to nation. In Germany as in somecountries, it is allowed to drink in public places while in Russia, people can only consume alcohol in bars,restaurants and their homes. In Iceland and other countries, you are unable to buy alcohol from supermarketsand other grocery stores as it is rigorously supervised. Apart from purchasing it in bars and restaurants, peoplecan only obtain it from government-run vinbudin. The so-called “dry” countries in the world are referred tothose nations that treat drinking as entirely illegal. It is worthy of note that in countries like the Kingdom ofBrunei, Saudi Arabia, and parts of the UAE and India, people can sometimes get punished for drinking alcohol.

【題組】20 According to the passage, which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “condemned”?
(A) Cursed.
(B) Loaded.
(C) Respected.
(D) Regulated.


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K (2024/09/16):
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According to the passage, which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “condemned”?(根據本文,"condemned" 這個詞最接近的意思是什麼?)

(A) Cursed.(詛咒)
(B) Loaded.(裝滿)
(C) Respected.(尊敬)
(D) Regulated.(監管)
 
 
答案:(A) Cursed.

詳解: 在德國,若在乾杯時不與對方保持眼神接觸,將會遭到「詛咒」(condemned)有七年的厄運,因此"condemned"最接近「詛咒」。
 
 
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1. 這篇文章的主要目的為何?
(A) 探討古羅馬的飲食習俗。
(B) 解釋飲食禮儀如何隨時間變化。
(C) 描述現代使用餐具的演變。
(D) 比較不同地區的飲食習俗。

答案與詳解:文章的三段討論了不同行為時期的飲食禮儀演變,因此選項 (B) 為正確答案。
 
2. 根據文章,工業革命如何影響了飲食禮儀?
(A) 它強化了嚴格的飲食規則。
(B) 它促進了餐具的普及使用。
(C) 它推動了飯前宗教祝福的衰落。
(D) 它將法國的飲食習俗引入其他地區。

答案與詳解:文章指出工業革命後餐具的使用變得更加普遍,因此選項 (B) 為正確答案。
 
3. 為何作者提到從外到內的餐具順序?
(A) 突出高檔餐飲中延續已久的傳統。
(B) 強調一種隨意的用餐習慣。
(C) 暗示餐具使用已過時。
(D) 說明禮儀已經變得更加靈活。

答案與詳解:從外到內的餐具順序在高檔餐廳中依然很重要,因此選項 (A) 為正確答案。
 
4. 以下哪項最能捕捉作者對現代飲食禮儀的觀點?
(A) 作者認為現代禮儀已經失去了文化意義。
(B) 作者欣賞當今餐飲習俗中形式與隨意性的融合。
(C) 作者批評了嚴格餐桌禮儀的衰退。
(D) 作者認為當代禮儀過於隨便,缺乏紀律。

答案與詳解:作者既承認當代禮儀的隨意性,但也認為某些正式習俗仍然重要,選項 (B) 為正確答案。
 
5. “civility” 在第二段中的意思最可能是什麼?
(A) 宗教虔誠。
(B) 尊重的行為。
(C) 經濟進步。
(D) 烹飪專長。

答案與詳解:“civility” 在此表示與用餐有關的文明和禮貌行為,因此選項 (B) 為正確答案。
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請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題:Drinking culture exi..-阿摩線上測驗