請回答下列第46題至第50題 Two years ago, a group of elders in a village in north-western Uganda agreed to lend their land to refugees from
South Sudan. About 120,000 are now in the surrounding area. Here they live in tarpaulin shelters and mud-brick
huts on a patch of scrub where cows once grazed. Kemis Butele, a gravel-voiced Ugandan elder, explains that
hosting refugees is a way for a remote place, long neglected by the central government, to get noticed. He hopes for
new schools, clinics and a decent road – and “that our children can get jobs.” There are more than 20 million refugees in the world today, more than at any time since the end of the second world
war. Nearly 90% reside in poor countries. In many, to preserve jobs for natives, governments bar refugees from
working in the formal economy. Uganda has shown how a different approach can reap dividends. The government
gives refugees land plots and lets them work. In some places, the refugees boost local businesses and act as a magnet
for foreign aid. Mr. Butele and many other Ugandans see their new neighbors as a benefit, not a burden. Sadly, such
attitudes are still the exception.
Refugees are “brothers and sisters,”say many Ugandans. Mr. Butele was once one himself. But the welcome is also
a pragmatic one. Northern Uganda is so poor that some locals pose as refugees to receive food aid. Others see
refugees as buyers for local goods. Elsewhere in Uganda has indeed seen such positive spillover. One study from
2016 found that the presence of Congolese refugees in western Uganda had increased consumption per household.
Another estimates that each new refugee household boosts total income, including that of refugees, by $320-430
more than the cost of the aid the household is given. That rises to $560-670 when refugees are given cash instead
of rations.
【題組】47 Why do many governments bar refugees from working in the formal economy?
(A) Refugees would rather take odd jobs in a bar than formal jobs.
(B) The governments intend to preserve jobs for the local natives.
(C) The research shows that immigrants rarely take native workers’ jobs.
(D) The research shows that refugees have increased consumption per household.