1. Which molecule acts as a mobile electron carrier within the inner mitochondrial membrane?
(A) Cytochrome c
(B) Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone)
(C) NAD⁺
(D) Iron–sulfur proteins

2. Which enzyme of the Tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) is directly regulated by the cellular NADH/NAD⁺ ratio? (A) Citrate synthase (B) Fumarase (C) Succinyl‑CoA synthetase (D) Isocitrate dehydrogenase

3. Which statement best explains why alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is more specific than aspartate aminotransferase (AST) for hepatocellular injury? (A) ALT is located exclusively in hepatocyte mitochondria (B) AST has a longer plasma half‑life than ALT (C) ALT is predominantly cytosolic and has limited expression in extrahepatic tissues (D) ALT requires pyridoxal phosphate, whereas AST does not

4. A mutation that deletes the operator sequence of the lac operon would most likely result in: (A) No transcription under any conditions (B) Transcription only when lactose is present (C) Constitutive transcription regardless of lactose availability (D) Transcription only when glucose is absent

5. An enzyme shows strong substrate specificity, yet mutation of a single active‑site residue leads to a dramatic increase in catalytic rate but a decrease in substrate affinity. Which interpretation best fits this observation? (A)The mutation stabilizes the enzyme–substrate complex but destabilizes the transition state (B)The mutation decreases the activation energy but weakens binding interactions in the active site (C)The mutation increases both kcat and KM by stabilizing the transition state (D)The mutation eliminates a key catalytic group but improves substrate recognition

6. Which of the following intermediates can not serve as the material for the synthesis of glucose via gluconeogenesis? (A) acetyl-CoA (B) Glycerol (C) Oxaloacetate (D) Glycerol

7. Which of the following is unique to eukaryotic DNA replication? (A) Bidirectional replication forks (B) Requirement of primers (C) Use of ligase to join Okazaki fragments (D) Multiple origins of replication per chromosome

8. Which of the following is able to release an ammonium ion? (A) Conversion of hydroxymethylbilane to uroporphyrinogen III by uroporphyrinogen III synthase (B) Conversion of serine to glycine by serine hydroxymethyltransferase (C) Conversion of glutamate to glutamine by glutamine synthetase (D) Conversion of cystathionine to cysteine and α-ketobutyrate by cystathionine γ-lyase

9. A researcher finds that an enzyme follows the induced fit model rather than the lock and key model. Which experimental observation best supports this conclusion? (A) The enzyme binds multiple substrates with similar affinities (B) Substrate binding causes a detectable conformational shift in enzyme structure (C) The enzyme exhibits a very low turnover number (D) The enzyme undergoes irreversible inactivation after substrate binding

10. A loss‑of‑function mutation in the lacZ gene would most directly cause: (A) Inability to convert lactose into glucose and galactose (B) Inability to transport lactose into the cell (C) Failure of the repressor to bind lactose (D) Reduced binding of CAP to DNA

11. Which step of β‑oxidation directly generates FADH₂? (A) Thiolysis by β‑ketothiolase (B) Hydration by enoyl‑CoA hydratase (C) Oxidation by acyl‑CoA dehydrogenase (D) Oxidation by β‑hydroxyacyl‑CoA dehydrogenase

115年 - [無官方正解]115 亞洲大學_學士後獸醫學系招生試題：生物化學#145002

115年 - [無官方正解]115 國立清華大學_碩士班考試入學試題_生命科學暨醫學院甲組(生物與醫學科學組)﹕生物化學#142711

115年 - [無官方正解]115 國立臺灣大學_轉學生招生考試試題：生物化學概論#142642

115年 - 115 台灣聯合大學系統_碩士班招生考試_化學類：生物化學#139667

115年 - [無官方正解]115 國立臺灣大學_ 碩士班招生考試試題：生物化學(C)#137643

115年 - [無官方正解]115 國立臺灣大學_ 碩士班招生考試試題：生物化學(A)#137641

115年 - [無官方正解]115 國立臺灣大學_ 碩士班招生考試試題：生物化學(一般生物化學)#137622

115年 - 115 國立臺灣大學_ 碩士班招生考試試題：生物化學(B)#137619

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立中興大學_碩士班招生考試試題_生物醫學研究所：生物化學#139094

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立中正大學_碩士班招生考試試題_生物醫學科學系：生物化學#138415