阿摩線上測驗
12 關於意義治療法的敘述，下列何者正確？
(A)在尋找人生意義的過程中，因一時找不到任何意義而對人生失望，即存在的虛無感（existential
vacuum）
(B)意義治療的發展並不是要取代心理治療，而是重要的補強劑
(C)存在的挫折感（existential frustration）指人所處環境缺乏意義和希望時，空虛與無助會讓人對
生存失去動力
(D)抉擇理論（choice theory）是意義治療的基礎
統計： A(378), B(1004), C(424), D(206), E(0) #2044704
詳解 (共 10 筆)
(A)存在的虛無感（existential vacuum）
在生活中的無意義感導致空虛和虛無感。這種狀態通常發生在一些不願讓自己忙碌於重複工作的人身上，他們生命中沒有注定已設計好的目標，因此這些人必須自己創造生命的意義。生命的虛無感有時會讓人從創造生命意義的掙扎中退了回來。(Corey，諮商與心理治療理論與實務四版，p.174)
(C)存在的挫折感（existential frustration）
存在的虛無感（existential vacuum）進一步引發「存在的挫折感（existential frustration）」。存在的挫折感很嚴重的人會導致「心靈性精神官能症 (noögenic neurosis) 」。
http://rportal.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/bitstream/20.500.12235/10968/1/ntnulib_ja_A0201_0020_087.pdf
(D)抉擇理論（choice theory）是現實治療的理論基礎
B人所處環境缺乏意義和希望時，空虛與無助會讓人對生存失去動力→存在的虛無
存在焦慮：指人面對死亡、自由、孤獨，以及無意義時的結果。
A person’s will to meaning can become frustrated. Frankl coined the term existential frustration to explain this phenomenon of misdirected meaning. Existential frustration can occur from prolonged periods of boredom and apathy (Zaiser, 2005). Frankl utilizes the metaphor of an existential vacuum to explain frustrated meaning. Meaninglessness is a hole, which creates a vacuum that must be filled. Since it is a vacuum, things quickly try to fill the void of meaninglessness. However, most attempts to fill this sense of emptiness are merely temporary as the hole is filled with superficial things (Boeree, 2006). Furthermore, Frankl believed that common maladaptive behaviours such as depression, aggression, and addiction were caused by a misdirected sense of meaning (Thorne & Henley 2005). He noted that every generation has its own has its own set of maladaptive behaviours, which he coined as the collective neurosis (Frankl, 1959).
