12. Nucleotides have a nitrogenous base linked to a sugar by a:
(A) a-anhydride bond,
(B) β-ester bond,
(C) α-N-amide bond,
(D) β-N-acetal (glycosidic) bond,
(E) a-N-hemiacetal bond.

1. What is the post-translational modification of phosphorylation: (A) -CH2COO-, (B) -CH3, (C) –NH2, (D) -COOH, (E) -PO3.

2. What is nonprotein part of Nucleoprotiens (A) Lipids, (B) Carbohydrate group, (C) DNA, (D) Heme, (E) Metal.

3. Alpha helix and beta sheet are: (A) Primary structure, (B) Secondary structure, (C) Tertiary structure, (D) Quaternary structure, (E) Regular structure.

4. What is the overall net charge on the peptide Arg-Ala-Ile-Lys-Glu-Tyr-Asp at pH 7.0? (A) +2, (B) +1, (C) -2, (D) 0, (E) -1.

5. A Ramachandran plot illustrates (A) glycine always located at the sterically allowed region, (B) displayed by three torsion angles, (C) the sterically disallowed rotational angles between Ca and the amide nitrogen (-N), (D) the sterically allowed rotational angles between side chains and β-carbons in a peptide, (E) the sterically allowed region for the secondary structure of protein.

6. What can be carried out by Edman degradation: (A) decide the C-terminal amino acid by a carboxypeptidase, (B) cut the protein into a multitude of smaller peptides, (C) determine the N-terminal residue, (D) connect overlapping sets of peptide fragments, (E) make two different, but overlapping sets of peptide fragments?

7. Which equation   defines   a system at equilibrium? (A) AG ＞ 0, (B)( ΔG° = AG, (C) AG = 0, (D) AG ＜ 0, (E) AG = RT In ([products]/[reactants]).

8. All of the following statements about cyclic sugars are true EXCEPT: (A) The a-anomer has the -OH of the anomeric carbon positioned on the same side of the sugar ring from the -CH2OH, (B) The five and six membered rings are more frequently observed due to stability, (C) In a chair conformation, the predominant form has the bulkiest substituents occupying equatorial positions, (D) The carbonyl carbon becomes a chiral center, (E) They can be formed by the intramolecular reactions to hemiacetals or hemiketals.

9. What is the name of this glycosaminoglycans ? (A) Hyaluronate, (B) Keratan sulfate, (C) Dermatan sulfate, (D) Chondroitin-4-sulfate, (E) Heparin. 

10. Which is the pro-R position in glycerol ? (A) 1, (B) 2, (C) 3, (D) 4. 

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