12. Which compound in the following contains three carboxylic groups?
(A) citrate
(B) lactate
(C) aspartate
(D) glutamate
(E) arachidonate

1.The SMC proteins (for structural maintenance of chromosomes) include cohesins and condensins, and are known to have all of the following properties except: (A) a complete ATP binding site. (B) a hinge region. (C) topoisomerase activity to produce positive supercoils. (D) the ability to condense DNA. (E) two coiled-coil domains.

2.B-form DNA in vivo is a ______handed helix, ______ Å in diameter, with a rise of ______ Å per base pair.((A) left； 20； 3.9((B) right； 18； 3.4((C) right； 18； 3.6((D) right； 20； 3.4((E) right； 23； 2.6

3.Lactose operon is regulated by following factors except (A) glucose concentration (B) lactose concentration (C) lac I repressor (D) cGMP (E) catabolite gene activator protein

4.Which polymerase is critical for the biosynthesis of ribosomal RNA in eukaryotes? (A) Pol I (B) Pol II (C) Pol III (D) reverse transcriptase (E) telomerase

5. Which small nuclear RNA (snRNA) binds to the intron at a position encompassing the A residue? (A) U1 (B) U2 (C) U4 (D) U5 (E) U6

6. Which transcriptional factor recognizes TATA box in eukaryotes? (A) TFIILA (B) TFIIB (C) TFIID (D) TFIIE (E) TFIIH

7. Sickle cell anemia is a molecular disease of hemoglobin. The altered properties of hemoglobin S result from a single amino acid mutation. The following statement which is right? (A) a Leu instead of a Asp residue (B) a Val instead of a Glu residue (C) a Ile instead of a Asn residue (D) a Leu instead of a Gln residue (E) a Met instead of a Asn residue

8. What is the name given to the type of chemical bond that forms between the slightly electropositive hydrogen atom in a polar group and an electronegative atom? (A) Covalent bond (B) Electrostatic bond (C) Hydrogen bond (D) Van der Walls bond (E) Disulfide bond

9. The peptide bond: (A) Results from condensation of any R-group or side chain of different amino acids with each other (B) Results from the condensation reaction between the α-carboxyl group of one amino acid with the α-amino group of a second amino acid (C) Results from the condensation reaction between the α-carboxyl group of one amino acid with the α-carboxyl group of a second amino acid (D) Results from the condensation reaction between the α-carboxyl group of one amino acid and ammonia (E) Results from the condensation reaction between the α-carboxyl group of one amino acid and ammonium ion

10. For the study of a protein in detail, an effort is usually made to first: (A) conjugate the protein to a known molecule. (B) determine its amino acid composition. (C) determine its amino acid sequence. (D) determine its molecular weight. (E) purify the protein.

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