重症呼吸治療學題庫下載題庫

Cardiac Tamponade 

Etiology

       Previous pericarditis (most commonly metastatic tumor, uremia, viral or idiopathic pericarditis), cardiac trauma, or myocardial perforation during intravascular procedure

Physical Examination

      Tachycardia, hypotension, pulsus paradoxus (inspiratory fall in systolic blood pressure >10 mmHg), jugular venous distention with preserved x descent but loss of y descent; heart sounds distant.

    If tamponade develops subacutely, peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, and ascites may be present.

CXR

    Enlarged cardiac sil...

Cardiac Tamponade 

Etiology

       Previous pericarditis (most commonly metastatic tumor, uremia, viral or idiopathic pericarditis), cardiac trauma, or myocardial perforation during intravascular procedure

Physical Examination

      Tachycardia, hypotension, pulsus paradoxus (inspiratory fall in systolic blood pressure >10 mmHg), jugular venous distention with preserved x descent but loss of y descent; heart sounds distant.

    If tamponade develops subacutely, peripheral edema, hepatomegaly, and ascites may be present.

CXR

    Enlarged cardiac silhouette if large (>250 mL) effusion present.

Treatment 

    Immediate pericardiocentesis and IV volume expansion.

Harrison manual of internal medicine 19e