B.
While globalization and technology have delivered huge benefits in reducing poverty, legitimate concerns have
been raised about the impacts on jobs around the world. In addition, many people are in jobs that underutilize their
talents or potential. There are more than 5 million jobs open in the U.S., many of which are higher-skill and higher-paid
but don’t require a four-year degree. I believe there are promising paths forward: First, we must create and hire to fill
entirely new kinds of jobs, being created by the unleashing of data and cognitive technology. In IBM’s industry, these
include roles in fields such as cybersecurity, data science, artificial intelligence and cognitive business. Second, we need
new education models. For example, IBM has championed six-year public high schools that combine traditional
education with the best of community college, mentoring and engaging in real-world job experience. Third, artificial
intelligence can help. AI can enhance and accelerate the skill development of employees or trainees in roles ranging from
health care to customer service. We can also bridge the gap between employers with unfilled vacancies and prospective
employees who have the potential but not the traditional qualification. The market will not solve this problem; we need
collaboration across business, government and civil society. The future of job creation is no longer white collar vs. blue
collar. It’s new collar.
【題組】38. Why have the legitimate concerns about the impacts of jobs around the world raised?
(A) Globalization and technology have not reduced poverty as expected.
(B) There is a great distance between job requirements and college graduates’ competence.
(C) IBM has offered more than 5 million new jobs recently.
(D) Such jobs as health care and customer service will be taken over by AL.
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