請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Urban legends are a..-阿摩線上測驗

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請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Urban legends are an important part of popular culture, experts say, offering insight into our fears and the state of society. They’re also good fun. “Life is so much more interesting with monsters in it,” says Mikel J. Koven, a folklorist. “It’s the same with these legends. They’re just good stories.” Like the variations in the stories themselves, folklorists all have their own definitions of what makes an urban legend. Academics have always disagreed on whether urban legends are, by definition, too fantastic to be true or at least partly based on fact, said Koven, who tends to believe the latter. Urban legends aren’t easily verifiable, by nature. Usually passed on by word of mouth or in e-mail form, they often invoke the famous clause—“it happened to friend of a friend”（or FOAF）that makes finding the original source of the story virtually impossible. Discovering the truth behind urban legends, however, isn’t as important as the lessons they impart, experts say. “The lack of verification in no way diminishes the appeal that urban legends have for us,” writes Jan Harold Brunvand in “The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends and Their Meanings.” “We enjoy them merely as stories, and tend to at least half-believe them as possibly accurate reports.”

A renowned folklorist, Brunvand is considered the pre-eminent scholar on urban legends. The definition of an urban legend, he writes, is “a strong basic story-appeal, a foundation in actual belief, and a meaningful message or moral.” Most urban legends tend to offer a moral lesson, Koven agreed, that is always interpreted differently depending on the individual. The lessons don’t necessarily have to be of the deep, meaning-of-life, variety, he said. Urban legends are also good indicators of what’s going on in current society, said Koven. “By looking at what’s implied in a story, we get an insight into the fears of a group in society,” he said. Urban legends “need to make cultural sense,” he said, noting that some stick around for decades while others fizzle out depending on their relevance to the modern social order. It’s a lack of information coupled with these fears that tends to give rise to new legends, Koven said. “When demand exceeds supply, people will fill in the gaps with their own information as they’ll just make it up.” The abundance of conspiracy theories and legends surrounding 9/11, the war in Iraq and Hurricane Katrina seems to point to distrust in the government among some groups, he said. But urban legends aren’t all serious life lessons and conspiracy theories, experts say, with the scariest, most plausible ones often framed as funny stories. Those stories can spread like wildfire in today’s Internet world, but they’ve been part of human culture as long as there has been culture, and Brunvand argues that legends should be around as long as there are inexplicable curiosities in life.

【題組】46 What is the main idea of this passage？
(A) Urban legends are all nonsense that we needn’t pay attention to.
(B) Urban legends have many levels of concepts and they will survive.
(C) Urban legends are a good way to escape from government control.
(D) Urban legends should not spread before the source of information is confirmed.

初等/五等/佐級◆英文- 106 年 - 106 司法、國家安全情報特種考試_五等_各類科、各組別：英文#64260

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	ChiaJung Hsu 高二下 (2017/12/02) 專家說，都市傳奇是大眾文化的重要組成部分，它提供了對我們恐懼和社會狀況的洞察力。他們也很好玩。一位民俗學家米克爾·科文（Mikel J. Koven）說：“生活對於怪物來說非常有趣。 “這些傳說也是一樣的。他們只是好故事。“就像故事本身的變化一樣，民俗學家都有自己對於城市傳奇的定義。 Koven認為，後者認為，學術界一直不同意城市傳說究竟是不是真的太棒了，至少部分是基於事實。都市傳說不容易驗證，性質。通常通過口頭或電子郵件形式傳遞，他們經常援引著名的條款 - “它發生在朋友的朋友”（或FOAF），使得找到故事的原始來源幾乎是不可能的。然而，發現城市傳說背後的真相並不像傳授的教訓那麼重要，專家們說。 Jan Harold Brunvand在“消失的搭檔：美國的城市傳說及其含義”一文中寫道：“缺乏核實絕不會削弱城市傳說對我們的吸引力。”我們只將它們作為故事享受，至少傾向於半認為它們可能是準確的報告。“ 著名的民俗學家布倫萬德被認為是都市傳奇的傑出學者。他寫道，城市傳奇的定義是.....看完整詳解檢舉

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	7F 沒那個命就認命，不考了大二上 (2021/09/17) 對不起，在下資質駑鈍，對比您都只能當炮灰了，就說題目選項是有看沒懂，怎麼回頭找？檢舉
	8F 覚大四上 (2022/12/26) Urban legends都市傳說 are an important part of popular culture, experts say, offering insight洞察 into our fears and the state of society. They’re also good fun. “Life is so much more interesting with monsters in it,” says Mikel J. Koven, a folklorist民俗學家. 專家說，都市傳說是流行文化的重要組成部分，它讓我們深入了解我們的恐懼和社會狀況。他們也很有趣。 “生活中有怪物，生活會更有趣，”民俗學家米克爾·J·科文 (Mikel J. Koven) 說。 “It’s the same with these legends. They’re just good stories.” Like the variations in the stories themselves, folklorists all have their own definitions定義 of ... 查看完整內容 Urban legends都市傳說 are an important part of popular culture, experts say, offering insight洞察 into our fears and the state of society. They’re also good fun. “Life is so much more interesting with monsters in it,” says Mikel J. Koven, a folklorist民俗學家. 專家說，都市傳說是流行文化的重要組成部分，它讓我們深入了解我們的恐懼和社會狀況。他們也很有趣。 “生活中有怪物，生活會更有趣，”民俗學家米克爾·J·科文 (Mikel J. Koven) 說。 “It’s the same with these legends. They’re just good stories.” Like the variations in the stories themselves, folklorists all have their own definitions定義 of what makes an urban legend. Academics have always disagreed on whether urban legends are, by definition, too fantastic to be true or at least partly based on fact, said Koven, who tends to believe the latter. Urban legends aren’t easily verifiable可驗證的, by nature. “這些傳說也是一樣。它們只是好故事。” 就像故事本身的變化一樣，民俗學家對什麼是都市傳說都有自己的定義。科文說，根據定義，都市傳說是否太離奇而不真實，或者至少部分基於事實，學術界一直存在分歧，他傾向於相信後者。從本質上講，都市傳說不容易被證實。 Usually passed on by word of mouth口耳相傳 or in e-mail form, they often invoke援引 the famous clause條款—“it happened to friend of a friend”（or FOAF）that makes finding the original source of the story virtually impossible. 通常通過口耳相傳或電子郵件形式傳播，他們經常引用著名的條款——“它發生在朋友的朋友身上”（或 FOAF），這使得幾乎不可能找到故事的原始來源。 Discovering the truth behind urban legends, however, isn’t as important as the lessons they impart傳授, experts say. “The lack of verification in no way diminishes減少 the appeal that urban legends have for us,” writes Jan Harold Brunvand in “The Vanishing消失的 Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends and Their Meanings.” “We enjoy them merely as stories, and tend to at least half-believe them as possibly accurate reports.” 然而，專家表示，發現都市傳說背後的真相並不像它們傳授的教訓那麼重要。 “缺乏驗證絕不會削弱都市傳說對我們的吸引力”，Jan Harold Brunvan在“消失的漫遊者：美國都市傳說及其意義”中寫道。 “我們只是把它們當作故事來欣賞，並且傾向於至少半信半疑地相信它們可能是準確的報導。” A renowned著名的 folklorist, Brunvand is considered the pre-eminent傑出的 scholar on urban legends. The definition of an urban legend, he writes, is “a strong basic story-appeal, a foundation in actual belief, and a meaningful message or moral.” Most urban legends tend to offer a moral lesson, Koven agreed, that is always interpreted解釋 differently depending on the individual. Brunvand 是著名的民俗學家，被認為是研究都市傳說的傑出學者。他寫道，都市傳奇的定義是“強烈的基本故事吸引力、實際信仰的基礎以及有意義的信息或寓意。” 大多數都市傳說往往提供道德教訓，科文同意，這總是因人而異。 The lessons don’t necessarily have to be of the deep, meaning-of-life, variety, he said. Urban legends are also good indicators指標 of what’s going on in current society, said Koven. “By looking at what’s implied in a story, we get an insight into the fears of a group in society,” he said. Urban legends “need to make cultural sense文化意義,” he said, noting that some stick around for decades while others fizzle out熄滅 depending on their relevance to the modern social order. 他說，這些課程不一定要具有深刻的、生命的意義、多樣性。科文說，都市傳說也是當今社會正在發生的事情的良好指標。 “通過觀察故事中暗示的內容，我們可以深入了解社會上某個群體的恐懼，”他說。都市傳說“需要具有文化意義”，並指出有些傳說會流傳數十年，而另一些則會因與現代社會秩序的相關性而消失。 It’s a lack of information coupled with these fears that tends to give rise to new legends, Koven said. “When demand exceeds supply供不應求, people will fill in the gaps with their own information as they’ll just make it up.” The abundance豐富 of conspiracy陰謀 theories and legends surrounding 9/11, the war in Iraq and Hurricane Katrina seems to point to distrust in the government among some groups, he said. 科文說，缺乏信息加上這些恐懼往往會產生新的傳說。 “當供不應求時，人們會用自己的信息填補空白，因為他們會自己彌補。” 他說，圍繞 9/11、伊拉克戰爭和卡特里娜颶風的大量陰謀論和傳說似乎表明某些團體對政府的不信任。 But urban legends aren’t all serious life lessons and conspiracy theories, experts say, with the scariest最可怕, most plausible似是而非的 ones often framed as funny stories. Those stories can spread like wildfire in today’s Internet world, but they’ve been part of human culture as long as只要 there has been culture, and Brunvand argues that legends should be around as long as there are inexplicable莫名其妙的 curiosities好奇心 in life. 但專家表示，都市傳說並不都是嚴肅的人生教訓和陰謀論，最可怕、最可信的傳說往往被框定為有趣的故事。這些故事在當今的互聯網世界中可以像野火一樣傳播開來，但只要有文化，它們就一直是人類文化的一部分，Brunvand 認為，只要生活中存在莫名其妙的好奇心，傳說就應該存在。檢舉
	9F 海芋大三上 (2024/04/30) Urban legends are an important part of popular culture, experts say, offering insight into our fears and the state of society. 專家表示，都市傳說是流行文化的重要組成部分，它讓人們深入了解我們的恐懼和社會狀況。 They’re also good fun.他們也很有趣。 “Life is so much more interesting with monsters in it,” says Mikel J. Koven, a folklorist. 「有怪物的生活變得更加有趣，」民俗學家Mikel J. Koven說。 “It’s the same with these legends. 「這些傳說也是如此。 They’re just good stories.”它們只是好故事。 Like the variations in the stories themselves, folklorists all have their ow... 查看完整內容 Urban legends are an important part of popular culture, experts say, offering insight into our fears and the state of society. 專家表示，都市傳說是流行文化的重要組成部分，它讓人們深入了解我們的恐懼和社會狀況。 They’re also good fun.他們也很有趣。 “Life is so much more interesting with monsters in it,” says Mikel J. Koven, a folklorist. 「有怪物的生活變得更加有趣，」民俗學家Mikel J. Koven說。 “It’s the same with these legends. 「這些傳說也是如此。 They’re just good stories.”它們只是好故事。 Like the variations in the stories themselves, folklorists all have their own definitions of what makes an urban legend. 就像故事本身的變化一樣，民俗學家對都市傳說都有自己的定義。 Academics have always disagreed on whether urban legends are, by definition, too fantastic to be true or at least partly based on fact, said Koven, who tends to believe the latter. Koven表示，對於都市傳說是否從定義上來說太過奇幻而不真實，或至少部分基於事實，學術界一直存在分歧，他傾向於相信後者。 Urban legends aren’t easily verifiable, by nature. 都市傳說本質上不容易驗證。 Usually passed on by word of mouth or in e-mail form, they often invoke the famous clause—“it happened to friend of a friend”（or FOAF）that makes finding the original source of the story virtually impossible. 通常透過口耳相傳或以電子郵件的形式傳播，他們經常引用著名的條款——「這件事發生在朋友的朋友身上」（或 FOAF），這使得找到故事的原始來源幾乎是不可能的。 Discovering the truth behind urban legends, however, isn’t as important as the lessons they impart, experts say. 然而，專家表示，發現都市傳說背後的真相並不重要，重要的是它們所傳授的教訓。 “The lack of verification in no way diminishes the appeal that urban legends have for us,” writes Jan Harold Brunvand in “The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends and Their Meanings.” Jan Harold Brunvand在《消失的搭便車者：美國都市傳說及其意義》中寫道：“缺乏驗證絕不會削弱都市傳說對我們的吸引力。” “We enjoy them merely as stories, and tend to at least half-believe them as possibly accurate reports.” “我們只是把它們當作故事來欣賞，並且傾向於至少半信半疑地認為它們可能是準確的報告。” A renowned folklorist, Brunvand is considered the pre-eminent scholar on urban legends. Brunvand是一位著名的民俗學家，被認為是研究都市傳說的傑出學者。 The definition of an urban legend, he writes, is “a strong basic story-appeal, a foundation in actual belief, and a meaningful message or moral.” 他寫道，都市傳說的定義是“強大的基本故事吸引力、實際信仰的基礎以及有意義的訊息或道德。” Most urban legends tend to offer a moral lesson, Koven agreed, that is always interpreted differently depending on the individual. Koven同意，大多數都市傳說都傾向於提供道德教訓，但根據個人的不同，它的解釋總是不同的。 The lessons don’t necessarily have to be of the deep, meaning-of-life, variety, he said. 他說，這些課程不一定是深刻的、具有生命意義的、多元的。 Urban legends are also good indicators of what’s going on in current society, said Koven. Koven說，都市傳說也是當今社會正在發生的事情的良好指標。 “By looking at what’s implied in a story, we get an insight into the fears of a group in society,” he said. 「透過觀察故事中暗示的內容，我們可以深入了解社會中某個群體的恐懼，」他說。 Urban legends “need to make cultural sense,” he said, noting that some stick around for decades while others fizzle out depending on their relevance to the modern social order. 他說，都市傳說“需要具有文化意義”，並指出有些都市傳說會持續數十年，而另一些則會因與現代社會秩序的相關性而消失。 It’s a lack of information coupled with these fears that tends to give rise to new legends, Koven said. Koven說，資訊的缺乏加上這些恐懼往往會催生新的傳說。 “When demand exceeds supply, people will fill in the gaps with their own information as they’ll just make it up.” “當需求超過供給時，人們會用自己的信息來填補空白，因為他們只會彌補這一點。” The abundance of conspiracy theories and legends surrounding 9/11, the war in Iraq and Hurricane Katrina seems to point to distrust in the government among some groups, he said. 他說，圍繞 9/11、伊拉克戰爭和卡崔娜颶風的大量陰謀論和傳說似乎表明一些群體對政府的不信任。 But urban legends aren’t all serious life lessons and conspiracy theories, experts say, with the scariest, most plausible ones often framed as funny stories. 但專家表示，都市傳說並不都是嚴肅的人生教訓和陰謀論，最可怕、最可信的故事往往被描述為有趣的故事。 Those stories can spread like wildfire in today’s Internet world, but they’ve been part of human culture as long as there has been culture, and Brunvand argues that legends should be around as long as there are inexplicable curiosities in life. 這些故事在當今的網路世界中可以像野火一樣傳播，但只要有文化，它們就一直是人類文化的一部分，Brunvand認為，只要生活中存在莫名其妙的好奇心，傳奇就應該存在。檢舉

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請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Urban legends are a..-阿摩線上測驗

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