17. Which event is most critical for sorting lysosomal hydrolases in the trans-Golgi network (TGN)?
(A) Recognition of KDEL sequences.
(B) Addition of mannose-6-phosphate to N-linked glycans.
(C) Binding to AP2 adaptor complexes.
(D) Ubiquitination of luminal domains.
(E) COPI vesicle formation.

1. Which feature best distinguishes a facilitated diffusion transporter from apassive ion channel? (A) Requirement for ATP hydrolysis. (B) Ability to transport solutes against their concentration gradient. (C) Saturable transport kinetics. (D) Dependence on membrane potential. (E) Coupling to a secondary ion gradient.

2. COPII vesicles are primarily responsible for protein transport: (A) From Golgi to ER. (B) From trans-Golgi to lysosomes. (C) Between Golgi cisternae. (D) From plasma membrane to early endosomes. (E) From ER to Golgi.

3. In bacteria, single polycistronic mRNA encodes for (A) a single enzyme although there are many in the metabolic pathway. (B) multiple enzymes of the particular pathway. (C) a single mRNA which is split into multiple mRNAs before translation. (D) a single peptide with multiple catabolic sites. (E) None of the above.

4. Together with ______ .______ provide(s) for genetic variability within species and, ultimately, the evolution of new species. (A) DNA repair; DNA glycosylase (B) DNA glycosylase; recombination (C) recombination; mutations (D) mutations; DNA glycosylase (E) DNA repair; mutations

5. The base in DNA that specifies the first base in the RNA transcript is called a(n)______ and is unmbered ______ .(A) promoter; -5 (B) enhancer; -35 (C) transcription start site; 0 (D) transcription start site; +1 (E) promoter complex; +5

6. Which of the following correctly pairs a cytoskeletal filament with its primary monomeric or dimeric subunit? (A) Microtubule - Actin. (B) Microfilament -Actin. (C) Microfilament - keratin or lamin. (D) Microfilament - aß-tubulin dimer. (E) Intermediate filament -- aß-tubulin dimer.

7. What is the role of cytochrome c release during intrinsic apoptosis? (A) It binds directly to pro-caspase-3, causing its activation. (B) It neutralizes IAP proteins like XIAP, freeing caspases from inhibition. (C) It released proteases from the mitochondria to cleave protein targets. (D) It permeabilizes the mitochondrial inner membrane, causing a loss of ATP production. (E) It triggers the formation of the apoptosome with APAF-1, which then activates caspase-9.

8.What is the primary mechanism of the MTT assay for assessing cell viability? (A) Detecting membrane permeability with MTT dye. (B) Measuring ATP levels within the cell population. (C) Labeling newly synthesized DNA with a thymidine analog. (D) Quantifying proteolytic fragments in response to MTT treatment. (E) Reducing the MTT dye into insoluble purple formazan in the mitochondria of living cells.

9. Which molecule acts as a negative regulator by dephosphorylating PIP3 back to PIP2 in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway? (A) mTORC2 (B) p110 (C) PTEN (D) PDK1 Е. MАРK

10. Which RNA molecule functions as an adaptor that links amino acids to mRNA codons during translation? (A) mRNA (B) rRNA (C) snRNA (D) tRNA (E) snoRNA

115年 - [無官方正解]115 國立臺灣大學_ 碩士班招生考試試題：細胞與分子生物學#137645

114年 - 114 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試：細胞與分子生物學#125979

113年 - 113 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試：細胞與分子生物學#118907

112年 - 112 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試：細胞與分子生物學#117876

111年 - 111 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試：細胞與分子生物學#120705

110年 - 110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_生化科學研究所:細胞與分子生物學#102078

109年 - 109 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試：細胞與分子生物學#125737

108年 - 108 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試試題：細胞與分子生物學#125743

107年 - 107 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試：細胞與分子生物學#125751