18 歐元（eurodollars）已經成為美國重要的外幣存款（deposits），主要是因為美國的銀行以相對於本 國貨幣存款比較狹窄的利差（narrower margins）發行歐元存款帳戶進行歐元買賣。銀行如此操作 的原由是因為歐元存款在美國屬於什麼性質？
(A)重要的兌換貨幣
(B)好的投資標的
(C)免除監控
(D)社會地位象徵

19 1944 年成立的世界銀行（the World Bank, WB）是聯合國系統國際金融機構，主要任務除對開發 中國家提供貸款，以促進經濟發展外，尚包括： (A)現代化建設 (B)市場開放 (C)減輕貧困 (D)減少污染

20 有關貨幣政策於固定匯率機制下的敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)具有國際準備貨幣地位者，該國將喪失貨幣政策自主性 (B)將本國貨幣幣值釘住他國貨幣者，將擁有更高之貨幣政策自主性 (C)將本國貨幣幣值釘住他國貨幣者，將擁有控制他國貨幣政策的能力 (D)將本國貨幣幣值釘住他國貨幣者，將不具有自己國家之貨幣政策自主性

1 Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice stipulates the sources of international law. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? (A) There is no hierarchy of sources explicitly mentioned in Article 38. (B) Judicial decisions are a means for the determination of the rules of law. (C) Custom is evidence of a general practice accepted as law. (D) Ex aequo et bono is an important example of the “general principles of law” in Article 38.

2 According to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, which of the following statements regarding the termination of the operation of treaties is correct? (A) In principle, a treaty which contains no provision regarding its termination is valid forever. (B) A breach of a bilateral treaty by one of the parties entitles the other to invoke the breach as a ground for terminating the treaty. (C) A party may not invoke the impossibility of performing a treaty as a ground for terminating it if the impossibility results from the permanent disappearance or destruction of an object indispensable for the execution of the treaty. (D) The severance of diplomatic or consular relations between two States automatically leads to the termination of all treaties between them.

3 Based on the neutralization practices of Switzerland, which of the followings is correct? (A) A State may become a neutralized State via a unilateral declaration of permanent neutrality. (B) The neutralized status of a State is guaranteed by the relevant powers via treaties. (C) The neutralized status of a State is subject to approval by the United Nations General Assembly. (D) A neutralized State shall not participate in any international organizations.

4 The concept of Occupation in international law is an important mode of territorial acquisition. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? (A) The concept of Occupation in international law originates from the concept of “prescription” in domestic private laws. (B) After discovering terra nullius, effective control is still needed for a State to acquire territorial sovereignty. (C) The actual, continuous and peaceful display of State functions is one of the essential elements of Occupation. (D) Discovery gives the State an inchoate right to effectuate Occupation after the lapse of a reasonable period of time.

5 Which of the following grounds regarding a person afraid of being persecuted to be qualified as a refugee is NOT enumerated in the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees? (A) Nationality. (B) War. (C) Membership of a particular social group. (D) Political opinion.

6 According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which of the following statements is correct? (A) An island is a naturally formed area of land which is surrounded by and above water at high tide. An artificial island or man-made island therefore shall not have territorial sea of its own. (B) Where a low-tide elevation is wholly situated at a distance exceeding the breadth of the territorial sea from the mainland or an island, it has territorial sea of its own. (C) Ships of all States enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea. The coastal State may not adopt laws and regulations relating to innocent passage through the territorial sea. (D) The criminal jurisdiction of the coastal State shall be exercised on board a foreign ship passing through the territorial sea to arrest any person or to conduct any investigation in connection with any crime committed on board the ship during its passage.

7 Which of the following statements concerning “nationality” is NOT correct? (A) A State may exercise personal jurisdiction over the people with its nationality. (B) All States have the same rules governing the acquisition of nationality in their domestic laws. (C) Nationals are entitled to the protection of their States and enjoy the benefits relevant to nationality prescribed under international law. (D) In principle, it is for each State to determine under its own law who are its nationals.

8 According to the Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, every internationally wrongful act of a State bears the international responsibility of that State. Which of the followings is usually NOT considered a way to release the international responsibility of that State? (A) Restitution. (B) Compensation. (C) Satisfaction. (D) Countermeasure.

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