18. With more of which base-pair content will a DNA sample be stable?
(A) GC
(B) AT
(C) AU
(D) GT

14. Which of the following carbohydrates are non-reducing? a. Glucose； b. Fructose； c. α-Methyl-D-glucoside； d. Lactose； e. Sucrose (A) ab (B) cd (C) ce (D) bc

15. In glucosamine, at which carbon’s hydroxyl group of the parent compound is replaced with an amino group? (A) C-1 (B) C-2 (C) C-3 (D) C-4

16. Which clinical parameter can be used for monitoring diabetes? (A) Myoglobin glycation (B) Hemoglobin glycation (C) Albumin glycation (D) Alpha-globulin glycation

17. Provide the RNA transcription product for the following DNA sequence: 5’-AGGGGCCGTTATCGTT-3’ (A) 5’-AACGATAACGGCCCCT-3’ (B) 5’-AGGGGCCGUUAUCGUU-3’ (C) 5’-AACGAUAACGGCCCCU-3’ (D) 5’-UUCGAUAACGGCCCCU-3’ 

19. Which form of DNA is the most stable structure under physiological conditions? (A) A form (B) B form (C) C form (D) Z form

20. In which part of an animal cell can we find RNA? (A) Nucleus (B) Cytoplasm (C) Mitochondria (D) All of above

21. What does “SNP” mean? (A) A genomic base-pair change that helps distinguish one species from another (B) A type of genetic recombination that occurs only at specific sequences (C) A superfamily of N proteins (D) An RNA hybridization procedure

22. What is a “Haplotype”? (A) A set of DNA variations that tend to be inherited together on a chromosome (B) A set of genotypes on homologous chromosome pairs in the population (C) A set of phenotypes on a chromosome in the population (D) A set of all DNA variations on both chromosomes

23. What is a “cDNA library”? (A) A collection of peptide fragments derived from the genomic DNA in an organism or cell type under a defined set of conditions. (B) A collection of complementary DNA fragments derived from the complement of tRNA expressed in a particular organism or cell type under a defined set of conditions. (C) A collection of cloned DNA fragments derived from the complement of mRNA expressed in a particular organism or cell type under a defined set of conditions. (D) A collection of cloned RNA fragments derived from the complement strand of a particular DNA in an organism or cell type under a defined set of conditions.

24. In which organism can we find the “Restriction modification system”? (A) Bacteria (B) Viruses (C) Animals (D) All of above