臨床心理學基礎題庫下載題庫

⭐這題應該出自Berk兒童發展的表格，但書單上沒有列BERK ...

Table 13.2 on page 554 summarizes differences between boys and girls

in mental abilities and personality traits, based on current evidence.

The majority of findings listed in the table are small to moderate.

Furthermore, the distributions for males and females usually overlap greatly.

Sex differences typically account for no more than 5 to 10 percent of individual differences,

leaving most to be explained by other factors.

Consequently, males and females are actually more alike than different in developmental potential. 

⭐這題應該出自Berk兒童發展的表格，但書單上沒有列BERK ...

Table 13.2 on page 554 summarizes differences between boys and girls

in mental abilities and personality traits, based on current evidence.

The majority of findings listed in the table are small to moderate.

Furthermore, the distributions for males and females usually overlap greatly.

Sex differences typically account for no more than 5 to 10 percent of individual differences,

leaving most to be explained by other factors.

Consequently, males and females are actually more alike than different in developmental potential. 

Nevertheless, as we will see shortly, a few sex differences are considerable. 

結論：男女整體在學業向度的表現有差，與認知功能有關的解釋也有，

但侷限在一些少數特定的功能(如：心智旋轉, p556)，性別僅能解釋學業能力與表現少部分之差異，

更多與年齡發展、 性別的期待以及文化有關(可參考 p555-557)。

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參考來源： Berk, L., 2013. Child development. 9th ed. Boston: Pearson.

Ch13.Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles, p554-557