20. Which of the following plant hormone helps plants to adapt with environmental stresses?
(A) Auxin
(B) Cytokinin
(C) Ethylene
(D) Abscisic acid
(E) Gibberellins

16. What is the appropriate order for oxidation of glucose to CO2, H2O and ATP? 1. convert pyruvate to acetyl CoA 2. electron-transport chain 3. citric acid cycle 4. oxidative-phosphorylation 5. glycolysis (A) 51324 (B) 35142 (C) 14523 (D) 31425 (E) 41352

17. If we use as a radioactive tracer to track the carbon transition, which one of the following molecule could be incorporated in the last reaction of Calvin cycle? (A) Glucose (B) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) (C) Ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) (D) 1,3-biphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) (E) 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG)

複選題18. Which of the following statements is true? (A) In Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants, carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle occur in the same cells at different times. The Calvin cycle of CAM plants occurs during the night, so that the Calvin cycle is also named the dark reaction. (B) Pineapples are CAM plants. (C) For C4 plants, the Calvin cycle is mainly carried out in the mesophyll cells. (D) C4 plants are less resistant to drought than C3 plants. (E) Photorespiration occurs when stomata of C3 plants are fully open during the day.

複選題19. Which one of the following organism contain endosymbiont organelles? 1. Chlamydomonas, 2. Euglenids, 3. Red algae, 4. Green algae, 5. Cabbage, 6. Corn (A) 1,2 (B) 3,4 (C) 5,6 (D) 3,4,5,6 (E) 1,2,3,4,5,6

複選題21. If a long-day plant has a critical night length of 11 hours, which of the 24-hour cycles would prevent flowering? (A) 16 hours light/8 hours dark (B) 12 hours light/12 hours dark (C) 15 hours light/9 hours dark (D) 4 hours light/8 hours dark/4 hours light/8 hours dark (E) 8 hours light/8 hours dark/light flash/8 hours dark

22. Given the parents AABBCc × AabbCc, assume simple dominance for each trait and independent assortment. What proportion of the progeny will be expected to phenotypically resemble the first parent (AABBCC)? (A) 1/8 (B) 1/4 (C) 3/8 (D) 3/4 (E) 1

23. If a DNA segment has the base sequence TGACTCAAGCTT, then the anticodons of the tRNA molecules that bind to the mRNA transcribed from that sequence would be: (A) ACU, GAG, UUC, GAA. (B) TGA, CTC, AAG, CTT. (C) UGA, CUC, AAG, CUU. (D) UG, AC, UC, AA, GC, UU. (E) UGAC, UCAA, GCUU.

24. A common ancestor with dark green leaves has given rise to four species, G, H, I, and J. G, H, and I have dark leaves； J has mottled leaves. A classification scheme has included G, H, and I but omitted J. This classification scheme would be considered to be: (A) paraphyletic. (B) monophyletic. (C) polyphyletic. (D) semiphyletic. (E) orthophyletic.

25. Which of the following mutations is the most likely to be harmful to a plant? (A) A point mutation in an rRNA gene (B) An insertion in an intron of an enzyme gene (C) A deletion in spacer DNA (D) An inversion in a tRNA gene (E) A point mutation in the region of DNA coding for a start codon

26. An example of a postzygotic isolating mechanism between closely related species would be which of the following? (A) One species flowers in April, the other in August. (B) The two species are pollinated by different species of bees. (C) A zygote produced by syngamy of sperm and egg of the two species contains an uneven number of chromosomes. (D) The pollen from one species will not germinate on the stigma of the other. (E) One species is terrestrial, the other totally aquatic.