23. When a plant grows in the shade of other plants, it exhibits the "shade avoidance syndrome," which promotes rapid internode elongation. This occurs because of what change in the environmental light spectrum?
(A) The proportion of blue light increases, activating cryptochromes.
(B) The Red/Far-red (R/FR) ratio decreases, leading to a reduction in the physiologically active Pfr form of phytochrome.
(C) Ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation increases, destroying auxin.
(D) The Red/Far-red (R/FR) ratio increases, leading to an increase in the Pr form of phytochrome.

24. During cellular respiration in plant cells, where does the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) occur? (A) Mitochondrial matrix (B) Inner mitochondrial membrane (C) Cytosol (D) Chloroplast stroma

25. In the classification of angiosperm fruits, a pineapple develops from the fusion of the sepals, petals, and ovaries of many flowers within an entire inflorescence. This type of fruit is called a: (A) Aggregate fruit (B) Simple fruit (C) Multiple fruit (D) Accessory fruit

26. The "cyclic electron flow" in photosynthesis involves only Photosystem I. What is the primary physiological significance of this process? (A) To increase the production of NADPH for use in the Calvin cycle. (B) To produce additional ATP, meeting the Calvin cycle's demand for ATP, which is greater than its demand for NADPH. (C) To promote the splitting of water molecules to release more oxygen. (D) To directly fix carbon dioxide into 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA).

27. Regarding the "gene-for-gene hypothesis" in the plant immune system, which of the following conditions must be met for a plant to successfully recognize and trigger a defense response against a specific pathogen? (A) The plant has a dominant resistance (R) gene, and the pathogen has the corresponding avirulence (Avr) effector gene. (B) The plant lacks an R gene, and the pathogen has an Avr gene. (C) The plant has an R gene, and the pathogen lacks an Avr gene. (D) Neither the plant nor the pathogen expresses any defense or pathogenic genes.

28. The leaves of submerged or floating plants have adapted to aquatic environments. Taking the floating leaf of a water lily as an example, what is the distribution characteristic of its stomata? (A) Stomata are primarily distributed on the lower (abaxial) epidermis. (B) Stomata are primarily distributed on the upper (adaxial) epidermis. (C) The stomatal density is roughly the same on both the upper and lower epidermis. (D) It has no stomata at all.

29. As a tree undergoes secondary growth, the xylem in the center of the trunk gradually loses its water-conducting function, accumulates decay-resistant substances, and darkens in color. This central part is called: (A) Sapwood (B) Heartwood (C) Earlywood (D) Latewood

30. When wild-type Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects a plant, it causes crown gall disease. After its T-DNA is transferred into the plant genome, which genes are expressed to cause tumor formation? (A) Genes synthesizing cellulose and lignin. (B) Genes synthesizing defensins and salicylic acid. (C) Genes synthesizing auxin, cytokinin, and opines. (D) Genes synthesizing abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene.

31. In the light reactions of photosynthesis, what important function does the cytochrome b6f complex perform besides transferring electrons? (A) Reducing NADP⁺ to NADPH. (B) Splitting water molecules to produce oxygen. (C) Pumping protons (H⁺) from the stroma into the thylakoid lumen. (D) Directly catalyzing the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi.

32. Both C4 and CAM plants have evolved carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanisms to reduce photorespiration. The fundamental difference between these two mechanisms is: (A) C4 involves temporal isolation, while CAM involves spatial isolation. (B) C4 involves spatial isolation, while CAM involves temporal isolation. (C) C4 uses PEP carboxylase, while CAM uses Rubisco as the initial carbon-fixing enzyme. (D) C4 fixes carbon at night, while CAM fixes carbon during the day.

33. Communication and material exchange between plant cells primarily occur through plasmodesmata. The tubular structure running through the center of a plasmodesma is called a "desmotubule". It is an extension of the membrane of which organelle? (A) Golgi apparatus (B) Rough endoplasmic reticulum (C) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (D) Vacuolar membrane (Tonoplast)

115年 - [無官方正解]115 國立臺灣大學_轉學生招生考試試題：普通植物學#142639

115年 - [無官方正解]115 國立臺灣大學_ 碩士班招生考試試題：植物學#137648

114年 - 114 臺灣綜合大學系統_學士班轉學生考試試題：普通植物學#137945

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立臺灣大學_轉學生招生考試試題﹕普通植物學#128204

113年 - 113 國立臺灣大學_轉學生招生考試：普通植物學#125307

113年 - 113 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試：普通植物學(A)#118901

112年 - 112 臺灣綜合大學系統_學士班轉學生聯合招生考試：普通植物學#125348

112年 - 112 國立臺灣大學_轉學生招生考試：普通植物學#125310

112年 - 112 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試試題：普通植物學(A)#125309

111年 - 111 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試 : 普通植物學(A)#126307