Which one of the following is NOT a bottom-up processing skill of reading?
(A) Discriminate among the distinctive graphemes and orthographic patterns of English.
(B) Recognize grammatical word classes, systems, patterns, rules, and elliptical forms.
(C) Recognize cohesive devices in written discourse and their role in signaling the relationship between and among clauses.
(D) Recognize letters and words and extract meaning from the printed page.