臨床心理學特論（三）題庫下載題庫

參考書籍：
Kring, A. M., Johnson, S. L., Davison, G. C., & Neale, J. M. （2017）.
Abnormal psychology.Hoboken, N.J: Wiley Custom.
Ch5.  Mood disorders--Etiology of Mood Disorders--
Social and Psychological Factors in Bipolar Disorder, p142.

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內文小標：

Depression in Bipolar Disorder 

擷取部分內文：

The triggers of depressive episodes in bipolar disorder 

are similar to the triggers of major depressive episodes

(Johnson, Cuellar, & Peckham, 2014). (選項A)

As in MDD, early adversity, negative life events, neuroticism

negative cognitive styles(選項C), family criticism, and ...

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參考書籍：
Kring, A. M., Johnson, S. L., Davison, G. C., & Neale, J. M. （2017）.
Abnormal psychology.Hoboken, N.J: Wiley Custom.
Ch5.  Mood disorders--Etiology of Mood Disorders--
Social and Psychological Factors in Bipolar Disorder, p142.

----

內文小標：

Depression in Bipolar Disorder 

擷取部分內文：

The triggers of depressive episodes in bipolar disorder 

are similar to the triggers of major depressive episodes

(Johnson, Cuellar, & Peckham, 2014). (選項A)

As in MDD, early adversity, negative life events, neuroticism

negative cognitive styles(選項C), family criticism, and lack of social

support predict depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder.

Not only do these variables predict bipolar depression,

but sadly, people with bipolar disorder all too often

experience early adversity, negative life events, and high levels

of criticism from their loved ones (Johnson & Miklowitz, 2017).
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選項B可以參考不管在鬱期還是躁期BP患者的杏仁核都比較活化的腦造影證據，從而推估。

選項D應若是在躁症發作時應該是自我感覺良好的狀態，
鬱期應該也不會「完全」的否定自己。
猜出題老師不見的會完全照抄課本書上，以選最適合的答案來說應該是D。

資料來源1: 

Barlow, D.H.,& Durand.

V.M.Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach 8e  P.246

Individuals with bipolar disorder also exhibit negative cognitive styles, but with a twist.

Cognitive styles in these individuals are characterized by ambitious striving for goals, perfectionism, and self-criticism in addition to the more usual depressive cognitive styles (Alloy & Abramson, 2010; Johnson et al., 2008).

資料來源2: 

The Role of the Behavioral Approach System (BAS) in Bipolar Spectrum Disorders (Alloy & Abramson, 2010)

(其實就是 Barlow課本引用的參考文獻)

Cogn...
查看完整內容

資料來源1: 

Barlow, D.H.,& Durand.

V.M.Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach 8e  P.246

Individuals with bipolar disorder also exhibit negative cognitive styles, but with a twist.

Cognitive styles in these individuals are characterized by ambitious striving for goals, perfectionism, and self-criticism in addition to the more usual depressive cognitive styles (Alloy & Abramson, 2010; Johnson et al., 2008).

資料來源2: 

The Role of the Behavioral Approach System (BAS) in Bipolar Spectrum Disorders (Alloy & Abramson, 2010)

(其實就是 Barlow課本引用的參考文獻)

Cognitive Style Studies

Much research has attempted to identify maladaptive cognitive styles associated with bipolar disorder. Cognitive styles are people’s typical patterns of perceiving, interpreting, and reacting to events in their lives. From a BAS-model perspective, individuals with bipolar disorder should exhibit cognitive styles specific to the themes of high drive and incentive motivation associated with high BAS sensitivity. Consistent with this prediction, individuals with bipolar spectrum disorders exhibit cognitive styles as negative as those of unipolar depressed persons, but with unique BAS-relevant characteristics (Alloy et al., 2009b). Specifically, controlling for mood symptoms, euthymic individuals with bipolar disorder showed higher levels of the BAS-related styles of autonomy, perfectionism, goal striving, and self-criticism compared to normal controls.They did not exhibit maladaptive attachment, dependency, and approval-seeking styles typically observed in unipolar depression.