25. In paragraph 8, what does the sentence “Somehow, this triggers a switch to parthenogenesis” suggest?
(A) Scientists are unclear as to how female whiptails can clone themselves.
(B) Hybridization is a complex, but manageable process.
(C) Scientists are still looking for the switch that causes cloning.
(D) No one knows why female whiptails choose cloning over mating.

21. Why does the author mention “sterile mules” in the fourth paragraph? (A) To delineate one of the only instances of an occurrence. (B) To contradict the opinion presented in the passage. (C) To provide evidence that supports scientists’ beliefs. (D) To reiterate that the lizard is an unusual creature.

22. What does the third paragraph suggest about evolution? (A) It can happen only over thousands of generations. (B) It depends on the separation of individuals of one species. (C) It customarily takes many years to occur. (D) It isolates populations so they can’t interbreed.

23. According to the passage, parthenogenesis in whiptail lizards is characterized by each of the following EXCEPT (A) female individuals that can duplicate chromosomes without males. (B) stem cells from the male Aspidoscelis inornata. (C) clones that are different from the parental species. (D) offspring with two sets of chromosomes.

24. What does the passage suggest about whiptail lizards? (A) They have two identical sets of chromosomes. (B) They were first discovered in the 1960s. (C) They require a male and a female to breed. (D) They create only female clones.

26. Which of the following statements would best serve as the headline for this passage? (A) The encyclopedia of the extremes reflects the changing interests of modern society. (B) A book of simple origins makes it to the top as sales total a staggering 120 million copies. (C) Facts are often displayed in a boring, uninteresting manner, but not in the Guinness Book of Records. (D) Where other books fall short, the index of superlative sciences never ceases to amaze.

27. According to the author, what is the most significant difference between older editions of the Guinness Book of Records and the new Guinness World Records website? (A) An end to the use of facts as a means to promote Guinness. (B) An overall increase in the total number of facts presented. (C) A move from fact-finding to the recording of achievements. (D) A shift in focus from educational to entertaining material.

28. According to the passage, it can be inferred that the author most likely believes reality television to be _______. (A) corrupt (B) absurd (C) invaluable (D) shallow

29. As used in paragraph 2, which is the best definition for empirical? (A) natural (B) derived from experience (C) recordable (D) excellent or unmatched

30. Which of the following best summarizes the organization of this passage? (A) introduction, history, conclusion (B) history, examples, explanations, conclusion (C) introduction, history, exposition, conclusion (D) introduction, thesis, supporting paragraphs, conclusion

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