請回答第 44 題至第 46 題： Knowing the origin of a word can give you a clearer understanding of the word. For example, the word sabotage
means “the intentional destruction of materials, machines, or some process of production.” The meaning of the term
becomes clear when you learn that sabotage comes from the French word sabat, meaning “wooden shoe,” and it was
coined during the French Revolution when workers sabotaged French factories by throwing their shoes into the
machinery.
Looking up the origin of a word also reminds you that language is constantly changing, with old words gaining new
meanings and new words being born. The word chauvinist, for example, was never used before 1815. It was coined as a
result of the fanatic loyalty of a French soldier, Nicolas Chauvin, to Napoleon. Thus, chauvinism has come to mean blind
attachment to something, such as one’s beliefs or, as it is commonly used today, one’s sex. The word boycott is another
word that has a relatively recent origin, and it also originated from a person’s name. In the 1880s, during the struggle
between British landowners and Irish tenant farmers, a man by the name of Captain Charles Boycott was hired to collect
the rent from the farmers on a large estate in County Mayo. The impoverished Irish peasants, however, got together and
decided to ignore Captain Boycott by refusing to pay and expelling him. 【題組】45 According to this passage, which of the following statements about word origin is true?
(A) The word “chauvinism” originated from a French soldier’s blind attachment to his sex.
(B) Captain Boycott was the one who led the protest of the Irish tenant farmers.
(C) From the origin of words, we can see that new words are coined constantly.
(D) Many French words originated from English names.
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