跟covid-19 delta變異株是不一樣的概念,出題者真的有心機。但是有把上面那個圖看個印象,用刪去法就不怕有心機。 以下節錄了disease of swine的整段內容希望可以幫大家省到時間,因這個病蠻新的好像沒怎麼考過因此不大知道怎麼抓重點(病毒學、診斷分子生物學甚麼鬼的太難了先略),有缺有疑問的可以去翻原文書,乾蝦。
etiology *Deltacoronavirus, family Coronaviridae *2014年, 美國ohio的五個豬場的母豬與仔豬爆發急性的下痢。(associated with PDCoV ) *the clinical impact and disease severity of PDCoV is less than that of epidemic PEDV and TGEV. *病毒的起源:
跟covid-19 delta變異株是不一樣的概念,出題者真的有心機。但是有把上面那個圖看個印象,用刪去法就不怕有心機。 以下節錄了disease of swine的整段內容希望可以幫大家省到時間,因這個病蠻新的好像沒怎麼考過因此不大知道怎麼抓重點(病毒學、診斷分子生物學甚麼鬼的太難了先略),有缺有疑問的可以去翻原文書,乾蝦。
etiology *Deltacoronavirus, family Coronaviridae *2014年, 美國ohio的五個豬場的母豬與仔豬爆發急性的下痢。(associated with PDCoV ) *the clinical impact and disease severity of PDCoV is less than that of epidemic PEDV and TGEV. *病毒的起源:
Chinese PDCoV strains had ≥98.6% nucleotide identities with each other and ≥97.1% nucleotide identities with the global PDCoV strains.
*不感染或影響人的健康
pathogenesis *糞口傳染是主要途徑! Fecal–oral is the main PDCoV transmission route (覺得這個很好考心機題!) *病毒攻擊部位侷限在大腸與小腸(is confined to the small and large intestinal epithelia.) *acute necrosis, 在小腸造成明顯的絨毛萎縮但是在大腸不會
clinical signs
*感染大豬小豬(all ages),大豬小豬的症狀相似,比TGE/PEDV的症狀輕微。 *小豬的發病率可高達100%,大豬則不一定。小豬的死亡率相較大豬來得高。 *小豬: 急性水樣下痢,常伴有嘔吐進而脫水、體重下降、無力與死亡。 *下痢機制: a consequence of malabsorption due to massive loss of absorptive enterocytes *相較TGEV/PEDV,PDCoV 傳播較慢,可能是因為對豬物種的適應力較沒那麼好
gross lesion *似TGE/PEDV,但通常較不廣泛 *局限於腸道,特徵為 thin and transparent intestinal walls (proximal jejunum to colon) with accumulation of large amounts of yellow fluid.
Histological lesions *近端空腸至迴腸: 急性,多發局部至廣泛,輕微至嚴重程度的萎縮性腸炎 *偶爾伴隨盲腸與結腸上皮細胞輕微的空泡化 *急性感染期: 空腸與迴腸可見腸道上皮細胞空泡化/頂端或整個絨毛廣泛地剝落(exfoliation)。萎縮的絨毛常常會融合並覆蓋退化或新生的上皮細胞(Atrophied villi were frequently fused and covered with a degenerated or regenerated flattened epithelium.) *其他器官不會有任何病變!
prevention and control *There are no treatments or vaccines to control PDCoV infection *生物安全~
參考資料: Diseases of Swine, Eleventh Edition p510-512