公職◆漢語語言學 題庫下載題庫

Searle 將言語行為分為以下五類。

(1) 闡述Assertives：陳述或描述說話者認為是真實的情況

(2) 指令Directives：嘗試使聽話者做某些事情

(3) 承諾Commisives：說話者自己承諾未來要有一些行為。

(4) 表達Expressives：表達對某一現狀的感情和態度。

(5) 宣告Declarations：通過說話引起驟變

Assertives :

They commit the speaker to something being the case. The different kinds are: suggesting, putting forward, swearing, boasting, concluding. Example: ``No one makes a better cake than me''.

Directives :

They try to make the addressee perform an action. The different kinds are: asking, ordering, requestin...

Searle 將言語行為分為以下五類。

(1) 闡述Assertives：陳述或描述說話者認為是真實的情況

(2) 指令Directives：嘗試使聽話者做某些事情

(3) 承諾Commisives：說話者自己承諾未來要有一些行為。

(4) 表達Expressives：表達對某一現狀的感情和態度。

(5) 宣告Declarations：通過說話引起驟變

Assertives :

They commit the speaker to something being the case. The different kinds are: suggesting, putting forward, swearing, boasting, concluding. Example: ``No one makes a better cake than me''.

Directives :

They try to make the addressee perform an action. The different kinds are: asking, ordering, requesting, inviting, advising, begging. Example: ``Could you close the window?''.

Commisives :

They commit the speaker to doing something in the future. The different kinds are: promising, planning, vowing, betting, opposing. Example: ``I'm going to Paris tomorrow''.

Expressives :

They express how the speaker feels about the situation. The different kinds are: thanking, apologising, welcoming, deploring. Example: ``I am sorry that I lied to you''.

Declarations :

They change the state of the world in an immediate way. Examples: ``You are fired, I swear, I beg you''.

http://www.coli.uni-saarland.de/projects/milca/courses/dialogue/html/node66.html