39. Which of the following is an advantage of using multiple steps in electron transport?
(A) By using several steps, the net △G is higher (more energy is released).
(B) More heat can be generated by using small steps.
(C) More energy can be captured to synthesize ATP by using small steps.
(D) Small steps allow for both more heat generation and more ATP synthesis.
(E) All of these statements are advantages of using multiple steps.

35. The C4 pathway for carbon dioxide fixation has what requirement compared to the C3 pathway? (A) require less CO2 (B) require more CO2 (C) require less NADPH (D) require less ATP (E) require more ATP

36. Which of the following statements about the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate in aerobic conditions in animal cells is false? (A) The process occurs in mitochondria. (B) The carboxyl group is eliminated as CO2. (C) One of the products of the reactions of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is a thioester of acetate. (D) The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex uses all of the following as cofactors: NAD+, lipoic acid, pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), and FAD. (E) The reaction is so important to energy production that pyruvate dehydrogenase is tightly regulated.

37. Which of the following statements about the citric acid (CA) cycle is correct? 1. The citric acid cycle is considered part of aerobic metabolism because the NADH and FADH2 produced are reoxidized in the electron transport chain linked to oxygen. 2. Succinyl CoA is a high-energy compound in CA cycle that can provide energy for phosphorylation of ADP at the substrate level. 3. Two enzymes, pyruvate carboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase, outside the cycle can profoundly affect CA cycle activity. (B) 2 and 3. (C) 1 and 3. (E) None of above is correct. (A) 1 and 2. (D) 1,2 and 3.

38. A poison that prevents the transfer of electrons from the last iron-sulfur cluster of Complex I to coenzyme Q is added to a suspension of actively respiring mitochondria. Which statement best describes the cffect seen? (A) ATP production would be reduced as fewer protons would be pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. (B) ATP production would be severely impaired as this would completely block electron transport through the electron transport chain. (C) ATP production would be impaired as this would uncouple oxidative phosphorylation from electron transport. (D) This compound would have little to no effect on ATP production. (E) None of above is correct.

40. The reactions during the light phase of photosynthesis include the following:  1. Light absorption in photosystem I   2. Light absorption in photosystem II  3. Formation of O2 from water   4. Formation of NADPH   5. Formation of ATP The order of the reactions is as follows: (A)1→2→5→3→4 (B)2→3→5→4→1 (C)3→2→5→1→4(D)3→1→5→2→4(E)3→2→1→4→5

(11).(A)O(B)X

(12). If f'(c) = 0 or fail to exist then f(c) is a relative extrema.(A)O(B)X

(13). sin2x =(1 + cos2x)(A)O(B)X

(14).sin(-x)=sinx(A)O(B)X

(15) is convergent.(A)O(B)X