4. Which of the following statements reflects "circumstantial evidence" for the dopamine theory of schizophrenia?
(A) Antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics) act as dopamine agonists, increasing the amount of dopamine in the brain.
(B) Antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics) can produce symptoms similar to those of Parkinson's disease (a disorder due to insufficient dopamine).
(C) The drug L-dopa, a dopamine agonist, is used to treat schizophrenic symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease.
(D) Amphetamines, which activate dopamine, can lessen psychotic symptoms in people with schizophrenia.

50. What is this passage mainly about? (A) Well-known scholarly disputes over posthuman mistakes (B) Quarrels and debates about the mystery of non-human life forms (C) Ideas and concerns of the posthuman and posthumanism (D) Prejudices and misconceptions about posthumanism

二、選擇題 1. Dietary restraint studies suggest that people who are starved (A) stop being scared of food. (B) may become preoccupied with food and eating. (C) lose interest in food over time. (D) eventually adjust to starvation diets.

2. Angelina has had difficulty falling asleep for some time. She started taking a prescribed sleeping pill every night for her insomnia. Now, she needs the pill to fall asleep. Without it, she will toss and turn all night, getting little sleep. Angelina is (A) dependent and drug abusive. (B) dependent and not drug abusive. (C) dependent but not physiologically addicted. (D) dependent and tolerant.

3. In the Stroop color naming paradigm, a patient with a blood phobia would be expected to name the color of the printed word "wound" (A) more quickly than a neutral word. (B) in about the same time it takes to name the color of a neutral word. (C) more slowly than a neutral word. (D) with a great deal of difficulty or not at all.

5. What is the biggest difference between someone who has panic attacks versus someone who has panic disorder? (A) People with panic disorder avoid images associated with the threat (B) People with panic disorder have more panic attacks (C) People with panic disorder fear having another panic attack (D) People with panic disorder always have panic attacks in the same/similar places

6. Which of the following descriptions about DSM-5 is INCORRECT? (A) Removal of the multiaxial diagnostic system. (B) The addition of ratings in the DSM-5 did not change the categories of disorders, but rather provides clinicians with additional information for dimensional assessment. (C) One of the most unreliable categories in current classification is in the area of personality disorders. (D) Augmentation of the personality disorders category that increases the number of diagnoses from 10 to 15.

7. Which of the following is an example of the treatment technique for OCD called exposure and ritual prevention (ERP)? (A) Carrie has an obsessive fear of contamination that has led to compulsive hand-washing rituals. Her therapist is treating her by making her touch dirty laundry but not allowing her to wash for increasingly longer periods of time afterward. (B) Kerry has an obsessive fear of contamination that has led to compulsive hand-washing rituals. Her therapist is treating her by forcing her to wash her hands repeatedly, even when she doesn't feel anxious. (C) Kelly has religious obsessions. She feels that if she doesn't read biblical passages every hour of the day, she will do something evil. Her therapist is treating her by having her using good religious thoughts to replace the bad ones. (D) Callie has a hoarding compulsion. She becomes anxious whenever she has to throw something away; she even keeps stuff that she doesn't need and will never use. Her therapist has arranged for all Callie's junk to be dumped when she is away from home

九、以下試題，是要請你閱讀一篇研究論文的兩個部分，並據以回答問題。請注意， 這裡有分為選擇題以及簡答題，選擇題都是單選，簡答題的評分標準是你能否具 體扼要切中問題的重點，每題答案字數不宜超過 80 字。 1. 以下這篇論文的引用方式，在 APA 格式上哪裡有誤?Landry, Castanheira, Sackur, and Raz (2021). Difficult Turned Easy: Suggestion Renders a Challenging Visual Task Simple. Psychological Science, 32(1), 39-49. (A) 作者 (B) 出版年 (C) 卷數 (D) 頁數 

2. ，請你判斷，以下哪一個最可能是該研究的獨變項? (A) mental imagery (B) suggestion (C) perceptual information (D) psychological science

3. 請你判斷，參與者對於對於催眠的易感性(susceptibility) (A)並非本研 究的獨變項 (B) 是受試者間設計獨變項 (C) 是受試者內設計獨變項 (D) 是本研究 的獨變項，也是依變項 .