42. Which of the following description about spinal cord plasticity and pain is incorrect?
(A) Some spinal nociceptive neurons receive convergent input from high- and low- threshold
sensory fibers thus called wide–dynamic range neurons
(B) Glutamate is the major fast excitatory neurotransmitter in all nociceptive afferent nerve fibers.
Glutamate can bind to three types of ionotropic glutamate receptors and to G protein–coupled
metabotropic glutamate receptors to modify neuroexcitability.
(C) Hyperalgesia and allodynia can even be induced in humans in the absence of any sensory
stimulus, such as during prolonged application of opioids or on abrupt withdrawal of opioids.
(D) Spinal nociception is under powerful control from descending inhibitory and facilitatory
pathways. Under normal conditions, descending facilitation appears to prevail over
inhibitory pathway.
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