43. The innervation of deep somatic tissue like muscle and joint is quite complex. Which of the
following description is not appropriate?
(A) The nociceptors are predominantly activated by non-physiological stimuli which may cause
damage to the structures (e.g. overload, twisting, strong pressure, ischemic contraction).
(B) During inflammation or after trauma, nociceptors of joint and muscle show pronounced
sensitization, in particular for mechanical stimuli.
(C) Descending inhibition is enhanced during chronic inflammation but seems to be normalized
during acute inflammation.
(D) Both primary afferent fibers as well as sympathetic reflexes may aggravate inflammatory lesions.
(E) Reduced release of hormones from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis such as cortisol,
adrenal androgens and testosterone may cause a relative loss of anti-inflammatory activity.
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