46 What is the main idea of this passage?
(A) Team performance can be a joint function of individual’s personality and intelligence.
(B) The role of Intelligence outweighs that of personality in predicting team performance.
(C) Personality traits are more impactful in determining effectiveness of teams.
(D) Successful team work requires more than personality traits and individual intelligence.
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統計: A(232), B(64), C(117), D(119), E(0) #3226388
統計: A(232), B(64), C(117), D(119), E(0) #3226388
詳解 (共 5 筆)
#6219122
中文翻譯: 團隊組成長期以來被認為對團隊效能有著重大影響,因為它決定了團隊成員在完成任務和相互合作時所能運用的知識與技能的總量。儘管團隊組成中的表面層次差異(例如人口統計學特徵)會影響團隊表現,但研究發現深層特徵,如智力和個性,對團隊表現的影響更大。個人智力,也稱為認知能力,是執行認知任務的能力。智力較高的個人更能穩定地完成認知任務,這同樣適用於分配給團隊的類似認知任務。因此,在需要認知表現的工作環境中,他們往往表現更為出色。團隊的輸出因此取決於其成員的個人貢獻。
另一方面,個性對團隊的影響可能因具體情境而異。個性特徵往往會形成行為模式,使得具有某一特定個性特徵的個體在相似情境中表現出類似的行為反應。當成員進入一個尚未建立行為規範的新團隊時,個人性格會影響其在團隊中的初始行為以及對其他成員行為的反應。團隊成員的行為中心傾向會通過互動逐漸形成團隊的共同行為規範。例如,如果團隊中多數成員具有高度外向性,則初期行為會更具社交性、熱情,而對這些行為的反應也會是積極的、社交的和熱情的。那些外向性較低的成員可能不太願意挑戰逐漸形成的行為中心傾向。因此,團隊成員的平均個性特徵在塑造團隊規範和影響後續互動中具有極大的影響力。
46 What is the main idea of this passage?
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(A) Team performance can be a joint function of individual’s personality and intelligence.
團隊表現可能是個人個性與智力共同作用的結果
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(B) The role of Intelligence outweighs that of personality in predicting team performance.
在預測團隊表現時,智力的作用超過了個性的作用
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(C) Personality traits are more impactful in determining effectiveness of teams.
個性特徵對決定團隊效能更具影響力
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(D) Successful team work requires more than personality traits and individual intelligence.
成功的團隊合作需要超越個性特徵和個人智力的因素
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#6459826
Team composition has long been known to play a large role in the effectiveness of teams because it determines theamount of knowledge and skill team members have to apply to the team task—in terms of both task completion andworking interdependently.團隊構成長期以來被認為對團隊的有效性起著重要作用,因為它決定了團隊成員在完成團隊任務時必須運用多少知識和技能——無論是在任務完成方面還是在相互協作方面。
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Although surface-level differences in team composition (e.g., demographics) can affect teamperformance, deep-level characteristics such as intelligence and personality have been found to have larger impacts.儘管團隊組成(例如人口統計特徵)的表面差異會影響團隊績效,但智力和個性等深層特徵的影響更大。
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Individual intelligence, also called cognitive ability, is the ability to perform cognitive tasks.個人智力,也稱為認知能力,是指執行認知任務的能力。
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Individuals with higherintelligence are better able to consistently perform cognitive tasks well.智力較高的人更能持續出色地完成認知任務。
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The same ability that enables individuals toperform well on individual cognitive tasks should also be relevant for similar cognitive tasks that are assigned to teams,so they are higher performers in job settings that require cognitive performance. 使個人能夠在個人認知任務中表現出色的能力,同樣也應該適用於分配給團隊的類似認知任務,因此他們在需要認知能力的職位上表現更佳。
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Team output is therefore a function ofthe individual contributions of its members.因此,團隊產出取決於其成員的個人貢獻。
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The effects of personality, on the other hand, can vary depending on thespecific context involved.另一方面,人格的影響會因具體情況而異。
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Often, personality characteristics create patterns of behavior such that people high in a givenpersonality trait tend to behave and respond to others in similar ways.通常,人格特質會形成行為模式,具有某種特定人格特質的人往往以相似的方式行事和回應他人。
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When entering a new team without priorestablished practices, individuals’ personalities will shape their initial behaviors in a new team and how they react to thebehavior of others.當加入一個沒有既定慣例的新團隊時,個人的性格將決定他們在團隊中的最初行為以及他們對他人行為的反應。
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The central tendency of members’ behaviors will develop the team’s common behaviors throughshared interactions.團隊成員行為的中心趨勢將透過共同的互動形成團隊的共同行為。
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For example, if many team members are high in extraversion, initial behaviors are more likely to be social and gregarious, and the response to those behaviors would be positive, social, and gregarious.例如,如果團隊中許多成員的外向性都很高,那麼他們最初的行為更有可能是社交性和合群性的,而對這些行為的反應也會是積極的、社交性的和合群性的。
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The few teammembers lower in extraversion are likely to avoid challenging the emerging central tendency in behavior.團隊中外向性較低的少數成員可能會避免挑戰正在形成的中心行為趨勢。
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Thus, teammean personality traits are highly impactful in forging group norms, shaping subsequent interactions between members.因此,團隊成員的人格特質對群體規範的形成以及成員間後續互動有重要影響。
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What is the main idea of this passage?這篇文章的主旨是什麼?
(A) Team performance can be a joint function of individual’s personality and intelligence.團隊績效可以是個人性格和智力的共同作用。
(B) The role of Intelligence outweighs that of personality in predicting team performance.在預測團隊績效方面,智力的作用大於性格。
(C) Personality traits are more impactful in determining effectiveness of teams.性格特質對團隊效率的影響更大。
(D) Successful team work requires more than personality traits and individual intelligence.成功的團隊合作需要的不僅僅是性格特質和個人智力。
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