46 What is the passage mainly about?
(A) Strategies for teenagers to wake up on time for school.
(B) Whether teenagers should go to bed as early as possible.
(C) The negative impact of social media on teen sleep patterns.
(D) The reasons why teens struggle with early school schedules.

Teenagers青少年 are often criticized批評 for staying up late熬夜 and sleeping in睡懶覺, but science科學 shows there’s a biological生物學 reason原因 behind this pattern模式.
青少年常因熬夜和睡懶覺而受到批評，但科學顯示這種模式背後有生物學原因。

During adolescence青春期, the brain’s腦 internal內部 clock時鐘 shifts變化.
在青春期，腦部的內部時鐘會發生變化。

Teens naturally自然 begin to feel sleepy later at night—sometimes not until 11 p.m. or even midnight午夜.
青少年自然會在較晚的時間才感到困倦——有時甚至要到晚上11點或午夜才會想睡覺。

At the same time同時, they still need around eight to ten hours of sleep for healthy development發展.
同時，他們仍然需要大約八到十小時的睡眠以促進健康發展。

This shift in sleep cycle週期, known as “delayed延遲 sleep phase階段,” often clashes衝突 with early school schedules.

這種被稱為“延遲睡眠階段”的睡眠週期變化，常常與早上上學的時間安排發生衝突。

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Many schools start before 8 a.m., which means students are frequently forced to function功能、運轉 while當 still sleep-deprived貧困、缺乏.
許多學校在上午八點前就開始上課，這意味著學生常常被迫在仍然缺乏睡眠的情況下運作。

 Studies have linked sleep deprivation睡眠不足 in teens to poorer academic學術 performance表現, increased irritability易怒, and even higher rates of depression憂鬱 and anxiety焦慮.

研究已將青少年的睡眠不足與學業表現下降、易怒增加，甚至抑鬱和焦慮的發病率升高聯繫起來。

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Some schools have experimented實驗 with later start times and seen promising前景好的 results結果.
一些學校已經實驗過較晚的上課時間，並且看到了令人期待的結果。

 Students reported彙報 feeling more alert警惕、清醒, and teachers noticed注意 improvements in both behavior行為 and focus.
學生表示感覺更加清醒，老師也注意到學生在行為和專注力方面都有所改善。

Despite儘管如此 this, changes are slow慢 to implement工具、實施, largely due to concerns關心、關於 about transportation交通, extracurricular課外 schedules, and resistance抵抗 from some parents and school officials.
儘管如此，變革的實施仍然緩慢，主要是因為對交通、課外活動時間安排的擔憂，以及部分家長和學校官員的抵制。

Understanding teen sleep patterns模式 isn’t about making excuses藉口.
了解青少年的睡眠模式並不是在找藉口。

 It’s about recognizing認識 a real biological生物 need.
這是關於認識到一個真實的生理需求。

 Ignoring忽視 it not only不僅 affects learning but can also還可能 harm損害 emotional well-being福利、健康.
忽視這一點不僅會影響學習，也可能損害情緒健康。

By aligning school policies政策 with scientific科學 findings ,we may improve both education and mental心理 health outcomes for young people.

通過將學校政策與科學研究結果對齊，我們可能改善年輕人的教育和心理健康狀況。

46 What is the passage mainly about?
(A) Strategies for teenagers to wake up on time for school.
(B) Whether teenagers should go to bed as early as possible.
(C) The negative impact影響 of social media on teen sleep patterns.
(D) The reasons why teens struggle with early school schedules.

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46 這段文章主要在講什麼？
(A) 青少年準時上學的起床策略。
(B) 青少年是否應該盡早上床睡覺。
(C) 社交媒體對青少年睡眠模式的負面影響。
(D) 青少年為什麼難以適應早上學校課程的原因。

Teenagers are often criticized for staying up late and sleeping in, but science shows there’s a biological reasonbehind this pattern. During adolescence, the brain’s internal clock shifts.

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青少年經常因為熬夜和睡懶覺而受到批評，但科學研究表明，這種現象背後有生物學原因。青春期期間，大腦的生理時鐘會改變。



Teens naturally begin to feel sleepy later atnight—sometimes not until 11 p.m. or even midnight. At the same time, they still need around eight to ten hours of sleepfor healthy development. 

青少年自然會在深夜才開始感到困倦——有時甚至要到晚上11點或午夜。同時，他們仍然需要大約8到10小時的睡眠才能健康發育。



This shift in sleep cycle, known as “delayed sleep phase,” often clashes with early schoolschedules.

Many schools start before 8 a.m., which means students are frequently forced to function while still sleep-deprived. 
這種睡眠週期的轉變，被稱為“睡眠相位延遲”，常常與學校早課時間衝突。 許多學校早上8點前就開始上課，這意味著學生經常被迫在睡眠不足的情況下學習。


Students reported feeling morealert, and teachers noticed improvements in both behavior and focus.
Despite this, changes are slow to implement, largelydue to concerns about transportation,
extracurricular schedules, and resistance from some parents and school officials.
Understanding teen sleep patterns isn’t about making excuses.
It’s about recognizing a real biological need.

Ignoring itnot only affects learning but can also harm emotional well-being.

By      aligning school policies with scientific findings     ,

we may improve both education and mental health outcomes for young people.
學生反映精神狀態更好了，老師們也注意到學生的行為和注意力都有改善。
儘管如此，改革的進展卻十分緩慢，主要原因是交通、課外活動安排以及部分家長和學校官員的抵制。
了解青少年的睡眠模式並非為之找藉口，而是要認識他們真正的生理需求。
忽視睡眠不僅會影響學習，還會損害他們的心理健康。
透過將學校政策與科學研究成果結合，我們或許能夠改善青少年的教育和心理健康。
 

 

   Teenagers are often criticized for staying up late and sleeping in, but science shows there’s a biological reason behind this pattern. During adolescence(青春期), the brain’s internal clock(生理時鐘) shifts. Teens naturally begin to feel sleepy later atnight—sometimes not until 11 p.m. or even midnight. At the same time, they still need around eight to ten hours of sleep for healthy development. This shift in sleep cycle, known as “delayed sleep phase,” often clashes with early school schedules. Many schools start before 8 a.m., which means students are frequently forced to function while still sleep-deprived. Studies have linked sleep deprivation(缺失) in teens to poorer academic performance, increased irritability(易怒), and even higher rates of depression and anxiety.

青少年常常因為熬夜、睡到很晚而受到批評，但科學顯示，這種作息其實有生理上的原因。在青春期，大腦的生理時鐘會發生改變。青少年天生會在晚上較晚才感到想睡，有時甚至要到晚上 11 點或午夜才有睡意。同時，他們仍然需要8 到 10 小時的睡眠，才能維持健康發育。這種睡眠週期的改變被稱為「延遲睡眠相位」，它常常與學校過早的上課時間發生衝突。許多學校在上午 8 點以前就開始上課，因此學生常常在睡眠不足的情況下勉強學習。研究發現，青少年的睡眠不足與學業成績較差、易怒情緒增加，甚至憂鬱和焦慮發生率升高有關。

 

    Some schools have experimented(實驗) with later start times and seen promising results. Students reported feeling more alert(清醒的), and teachers noticed improvements in both behavior and focus. Despite this, changes are slow to implement(實施), largelydue to concerns about transportation, extracurricular(課外的) schedules, and resistance from some parents and school officials.Understanding teen sleep patterns isn’t about making excuses. It’s about recognizing a real biological need. Ignoring(忽視) it not only affects learning but can also harm emotional well-being. By aligning(使一致) school policies with scientific findings,we may improve both education and mental health outcomes for young people.

有些學校曾嘗試延後上課時間，結果令人鼓舞。學生表示自己變得更加清醒，老師也注意到學生的行為和專注力都有改善。儘管如此，推動這項改變的速度仍然很慢，主要是因為交通安排、課外活動時間，以及部分家長和學校行政人員的反對。了解青少年的睡眠模式，不是替他們找藉口，而是承認這是真實存在的生理需求。忽視這個需求，不僅會影響學習，也可能傷害心理健康。如果能讓學校政策與科學研究結果保持一致，我們或許能同時改善教育成果與青少年的心理健康。