Interdisciplinary research suggests that learner beliefs about learning are intertwined with factors such as self-concept and
identity, self-efficacy, personality, and other individual differences. For example, students may be directly influenced by their
(36)___ of success in learning and levels of expectancy, with realistically high helping to build confidence, and low
expectations helping to build incompetence. Many researchers investigated how learners' (37)___ such as beliefs, aptitude,
personality, or the concept of identity affect their conceptions of themselves and the learning environment. And they assert that
learners work selectively within their learning environment, and upon the linguistic and communicative data made (38)___ to
them in that environment. This selectivity (39)___ the learners' conceptualizations of the conditions that they believe to be
facilitating or hindering their learning and their conceptualizations of the language to be learned. Such conceptualizations are
imbued with the learners' feelings and attitudes, (40)___ the conclusion that affect shapes one's cognitive conceptualizations or
beliefs.
【題組】36.
(A)discrimination
(B)discernment
(C)perception
(D)precedence