49. Nucleic acid hybridization is a commonly employed procedure in molecular biology to investigate all except:
(A) evolutionary relationships.
(B) specific genes against a vast background.
(C) specific probe based isolation of genes.
(D) quantify gene expression.
(E) All are true.

45. Which of the following monosaccharides is an aldose?(A)a(B) b (C)c (D)d (E) None of the above.

46. The ratio of NADP+/NADPH in liver runs about 1/67 which means that:(A) it is similar to the ratio of NAD+/NADH.(B) glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase will be turned on most of the time.(C) glucose-6-phosphate is rate limiting for pentose phosphate pathway.(D) glucose-6-phosphate preferentially goes to the pentose phosphate pathway.(E) glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is dependent upon use of some of the NADPH before activity increases.

47. In an anaerobic muscle preparation, lactate formed from glucose labeled in C-2 would be labeled in:(A) all three carbon atoms.(B) only the carbon atom carrying the OH.(C) only the carboxyl carbon atom.(D)only the methyl carbon atom.(E) the methyl and carboxyI carbon atoms.

48. In the glycolytic pathway, there is an isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate occurs two steps before the C-C bond cleavage reaction between C3 and C4 to produce two three-carbon sugars. Where would the bond cleavage occur if there is no preceding isomerization?(A) Without isomerization, bond cleavage would occur between C2 and C3.(B) Without isomerization, bond cleavage would occur between C3 and C4.(C) Without isomerization, bond cleavage would occur between C4 and C5.(D) Without isomerization, bond cleavage would occur between C5 and C6.(E) Without isomerization, bond cleavage would occur between C1 and C2.

50. What coenzyme would be required in the following reaction?(A) ADP(B) thiamine pyrophosphate (C) biotin (D) lipoic acid (E) coenzyme A

複選題 26.傾斜生長的樹幹往往會偏心生長,使得部分年輪寬度較大而部分年輪寬度較窄。下列有關描述正確的有： (多選) (A)圖 A 在傾斜生長的楊樹主莖幹下部， 會形成窄年輪； (B)圖 A 在傾斜生長的楊樹主莖幹上部， 會形成寬年輪； (C)圖 B 在傾斜生長的楊樹主莖幹下部， 會形成窄年輪； (D)圖 B 在傾斜生長的楊樹主莖幹上部， 會形成寬年輪。

複選題27.下列有關圖 B 的描述錯誤的有：(多選) (A) 大部分細胞次生壁明顯增厚，其機械支撐力增加； (B) 大部分細胞次生壁明顯增厚，其拉伸力增加； (C) 大部分細胞細胞腔減小，其水分疏導能力下降； (D) 大部分細胞細胞腔減小，其水分疏導能力提高。

28. 圖 A 與圖 B 在組織結構上的差別主要來自： (A)導管分子 (B)管胞 (C)木纖維 (D)薄壁細胞

複選題29. 關於馬鈴薯中 BRC1a 和 BRC1b，下列敘述錯誤的有：(多選) (A) 二者的表達受相同因素的調控； (B) 二者的 DNA 序列應該有 90%以上的同源性； (C) BRC1a 和 BRC1b 屬於旁系同源基因； (D) BRC1a 和 BRC1b 的功能並不完全相同。

30.進一步實驗發現，在 BRC1b 敲低的馬鈴薯株系中，腋芽位置脫落酸濃度降低，胞間連絲數量增加，蔗 糖含量升高。由此可知： (A) 正常株系中葉片同化物以葡萄糖形式在篩管中自上而下運輸； (B) 在敲低株系中，胞間連絲的主要作用是將糖從腋芽運輸至地下塊莖； (C) 在脫落酸信號轉導障礙的馬鈴薯中敲低 BRC1b 的表達，腋芽處不會產生氣生塊莖； (D) 脫落酸信號轉導障礙的馬鈴薯地上莖腋芽處也有可能出現氣生塊莖。