50 醫師欲使用isoniazid、rifampin、ethambutol、pyrazinamide 來治療 65 歲、身高155 公分、體重48 公斤之女性肺結核病患 (tuberculosis) 。她的血中肌胺酸酐 (serum creatinine) 值為 4.0 mg/dL ,ALT (alanine aminotransferase)、AST (aspartate aminotransferase) 分別為10 與15 U/L,請問上述四種藥品那些需要調整劑量?
(A) 病人肝、腎功能都正常,四種藥都不需調整劑量
(B) 病人腎功能不佳,四種藥都要調整劑量
(C) 病人腎功能不佳,ethambutol、pyrazinamide 要調整劑量
(D) 病人肝功能不佳,isoniazid、rifampin 要調整劑量

答案:登入後查看
統計: A(12), B(11), C(151), D(18), E(0) #439710

詳解 (共 3 筆)

#835697
Isoniazin、rifampin 肝毒性,ethambutol,pyriainamide 腎毒性
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0
#864845
Normal levels of creatinine in the blood are approximately 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL in adult males and 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL in adult females. Creatinine levels that reach 2.0 or more in babies and 10.0 or more in adults may indicate severe kidney impairment 
 Alanine aminotransferase1Males:10–40 units per liter (U/L) or 0.17–0.68 microkats per liter (mckat/L)Females:7–35 U/L or 0.12–0.60 mckat/LAspartate aminotransferase (AST)1Males:14–20 units per liter (U/L) or 0.23–0.33 microkats per liter (mckat/L)Females:10–36 U/L or 0.17–0.60 mckat/L
2
0
#837711
ethambutol 經肝臟代謝為aldehyde 及 dibutyric acid (非活性)  經尿液排出(以原型藥 , 8~15%以代謝產物形式)
2
0